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形成粘附生物膜的细菌导致抗生素敏感性明显降低。生物膜形成过程中许多因素可作为新释药技术的靶点,包括修饰医疗器械表面以减少细菌粘附和形成生物膜,结合抗生素防止细菌繁殖,加电使器械表面释放抗生素或使抗生素穿透生物膜。其他方法不特别强调生物膜,包括用抗生素气溶胶送入肺部及以脂质体或聚合物为赋形剂的制剂。脂质体系统已广泛使用,使抗生素靶向细菌生物膜表面,或使其接近网状内皮细胞。现用于预防和治疗感染的有许多聚合物载体系统,包括可生物降解的聚合物,如聚乙交酯及热敏水凝胶等。
Bacteria that form biofilm adhesion result in significantly lower antibiotic susceptibility. Many factors in the biofilm formation process can serve as targets for new drug delivery technologies, including modifying the surface of medical devices to reduce bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation, combining antibiotics to prevent bacterial growth, electrifying the device surface to release antibiotics, or allowing antibiotics to penetrate Biofilm. Other approaches that do not place particular emphasis on biofilms include those that are delivered to the lungs with antibiotic aerosols and liposomes or polymer-based excipients. Liposomal systems have become widely used to target antibiotics to the surface of bacterial biofilms or to approximate reticuloendothelial cells. There are many polymeric carrier systems currently used for the prevention and treatment of infections, including biodegradable polymers such as polyglycolide and thermosensitive hydrogels.