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敌百虫是有机磷杀虫剂,又是胆碱酯酶抑制剂。本文試驗动物內用敌百虫的毒性和对日本血吸虫病的疗效,以及阿託品和PAM对敌百虫毒性与疗效的影响。小白鼠灌胃和皮下注射敌百虫1次的LD_(50)分別为0.8和0.6克/公斤。小白鼠在服敌百虫前30分钟注射阿託品和PAM的解毒效能比单用阿託品或单用PAM为佳。家兔每天灌胃30或60毫克/公斤共2周,抑制血浆胆碱酯酶活力70％左右。猴子灌胃剂量从4毫克/公斤开始,逐日递增4毫克/公斤,至第6天不食,胆碱酯酶活力也明显受到抑制,第7天躺臥不动,停药5天后恢复。小白鼠每天灌胃敌百虫200毫克/公斤,經2周后平均每鼠余存虫13±5条,和对照组24±6条相差非常显著.兔每天灌胃30毫克/公斤或皮下注射40毫克/公斤历2周后虫数也有减少.狗口服敌百虫2周后粪便转为阴性.然后停药2周解剖,平均每狗余存虫8±9条,比对照组6狗平均47±29条显著减少。在病狗治程中,血清磺溴酞钠存留率与血象无明显改变,血浆胆碱酯酶活力降为原来水平的25％左右.停药2周后恢复至原来水平的75％左右。敌百虫与吐酒石合并使用比单独应用一药治疗的效果要更好。阿品及PAM并不减弱敌百虫的疗效。敌百虫对动物的日本血吸虫病确有疗效,价格低廉,且可口服,为找寻有效的非锑剂开辟了新的途径。
Trichlorfon is an organophosphorus insecticide, but also a cholinesterase inhibitor. This article tested the toxicity of trichlorfon in animals and the efficacy of schistosomiasis japonica, and the effects of atropine and PAM on the toxicity and efficacy of trichlorfon. The LD 50 of mice administered with trichlorfon by intragastric and subcutaneous injection were 0.8 and 0.6 g / kg, respectively. Mouse oral administration of trichlorfon 30 minutes before the injection of atropine and PAM detoxification efficacy than single atropine or single use of PAM is better. Rabbits gavage 30 or 60 mg / kg daily for 2 weeks, inhibiting plasma cholinesterase activity of about 70%. Monkeys gavage dose starting from 4 mg / kg, increasing 4 mg / kg day by day, to the first 6 days did not eat, cholinesterase activity was significantly inhibited, rest on the 7th day, withdrawal after 5 days recovery. The mice were treated with trichlorfon 200 mg / kg daily for 2 weeks, with an average of 13 ± 5 worms per mouse after 2 weeks, which was significantly different from that of the control group of 24 ± 6. The rabbits were gavaged with 30 mg / kg or injected subcutaneously 40 mg / kg for 2 weeks after the number of insects also decreased.Domestic dog oral trichlorfon 2 weeks after the feces turned negative.And then discontinued 2 weeks anatomy, the average remaining bug 8 ± 9, than the average of 6 dogs in the control group 47 ± 29 significant reduction. In the course of disease of dog, the survival rate of serum sulfochromate and blood no obvious change, plasma cholinesterase activity reduced to about 25% of the original level.After 2 weeks of withdrawal to restore the original level of about 75%. Trichlorfon and spit tartar combined use than a single drug treatment effect is better. Aspian and PAM do not diminish the efficacy of trichlorfon. Trichlorfon has an effect on animal schistosomiasis japonica, is cheap, and is orally available, opening up new avenues for finding effective non-antimony agents.