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本文报道了棉属(Gossypium)16个棉种的花粉形态和结构扫描电镜观察结果。棉属花粉为近圆球形大孢粉。不同棉种花粉粒直径大小与染色体倍数性无相关关系;花粉上萌发孔的数目与染色体的倍数性和花粉粒直径大小均无相关。16个棉种花粉萌发孔的NPC系统有765和764两种。除索马里棉无孔盖外,其他棉种均有孔盖。各棉种花粉壁的层次和结构无明显差异,由此可从孢粉学角度进一步证明棉属单元发生的学说。将各棉种孢粉的形态和结构相比较,B、C、E、G等4个染色体组相似程度高,可说明这些染色体组之间关系较密切。
In this paper, pollen morphology and structure of 16 cotton cultivars from Gossypium were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Cotton pollen is nearly spherical spore powder. There was no correlation between the diameter of pollen grains of different cotton varieties and the chromosome doubling sex; the number of germination holes on pollen had no correlation with the chromosome multiplicity and pollen grain diameter. The NPC system of 16 cottonseed pollen germination pores is composed of 765 and 764. In addition to Somalia cotton non-porous cover, the other species are covered with holes. There is no significant difference in the level and structure of the pollen wall of each cotton species, which can further prove the theory of the occurrence of cotton genus from the perspective of palynology. Comparing the morphology and structure of the spores of cotton, the similarity of 4 chromosome groups, such as B, C, E and G, is high, which shows that these chromosome groups are closely related.