目前我国允许使用的食用合成色素有胭脂红、苋菜红、柠檬黄、日落黄、靛蓝和亮蓝。前4种属于偶氮类化合物色素,靛蓝属于靛类色素,亮蓝属于三苯代甲烷类色素。这些合成色素均有毒性。偶氮化合物进入人体内分解后可形成两种芳香胺化合物。芳香胺主要在肝脏内质网通过N-羟化和N-羟基衍生物的硫酸脂化形成致癌产物。此致癌产物带有亲电基团与靶细胞蛋白质中的甲硫氨酸结合,生成甲硫 At present, the edible synthetic pigments that China is allowed to use include carmine, amaranth, lemon yellow, sunset yellow, indigo and bright blue. The first four are azo dyes, indigo is a quinone dye, and bright blue is a triphenylmethane dye. These synthetic pigments are toxic. Azo compounds can decompose into the human body to form two aromatic amine compounds. Aromatic amines mainly form carcinogenic products in the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum by N-hydroxylation and the sulfation of N-hydroxyl derivatives. This carcinogenic product has an electrophilic group that binds to methionine in the protein of the target cell, resulting in methylthiolate