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首先利用Kumada反应合成了3种噻吩单体,即3-丁基噻吩、3-苯基噻吩和3-十六烷基噻吩;然后采用三氯化铁(FeCl3)氧化法合成了对应的3种聚噻吩;最后将3种聚噻吩与富勒烯(C60)进行溶液复合,得到了光电性能和溶解性能俱佳的聚噻吩/C60复合材料。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、热失重分析(TGA)和伏安循环(CV)曲线等方法对聚噻吩及其复合材料的化学结构、溶解性能、热性能和电性能等进行了表征,并探讨了不同噻吩取代基对聚合物分子链共轭效应的影响规律。结果表明:3种改性聚噻吩具有良好的溶解性、耐热性和导电性;C60在3种改性聚噻吩中分散性良好,并使聚噻吩的电导率提高了10个数量级左右,其中聚3-十六烷基噻吩/C60复合材料的电化学能隙为1.70eV。
Firstly, three kinds of thiophene monomers, namely 3-butylthiophene, 3-phenylthiophene and 3-hexadecylthiophene, were synthesized by Kumada reaction. Correspondingly, 3 kinds of thiophene were synthesized by FeCl3 oxidation Polythiophene. Finally, three kinds of polythiophene and fullerene (C60) were solution-compounded to obtain the polythiophene / C60 composite with excellent optical properties and solubility. The chemical structure, solubility, thermal and electrical properties of polythiophene and its composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and cyclic voltammetry The effects of different thiophene substituents on the conjugation of polymer chains were investigated. The results show that the three modified polythiophenes have good solubility, heat resistance and electrical conductivity. C60 has good dispersibility among the three kinds of modified polythiophenes and the conductivity of polythiophenes is increased by about 10 orders of magnitude, of which, The electrochemical energy gap of poly-3-hexadecylthiophene / C60 composite was 1.70eV.