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作为一类新型碳纳米材料,碳量子点(CQDs)以其纳米尺寸效应、高水分散性、高荧光稳定性等优异特性及其低生产成本引起了科学界的广泛关注,成为国内外化学、材料学及生物科学等领域的研究热点.CQDs已被证实在生物传感、生物成像、药物载体、光催化等众多研究方向具有优异的应用价值.但是,也正是因为CQDs的广阔应用前景,尤其是在生物、医药及环境等领域的应用,增强了对其潜在的生物毒性进行研究评估的必要性.此外,在生产、使用、废弃和回收过程中,CQDs将不可避免地进入自然环境中,其高水分散性,其对自然环境,尤其是水环境的潜在生态影响需要得到重视.目前针对CQDs的生物毒性研究主要涉及对细胞、细菌、水生生物(藻类和鱼类)及陆生生物(大鼠、小鼠)等的影响.明确CQDs的生物毒性及其生态效应,对于正确理解和评估其环境风险,合理规划其使用和回收具有重要意义.本文阐述了这一领域的相关研究成果,并对其研究前景进行了分析和展望.
As a new type of carbon nanomaterials, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have attracted the attention of the scientific community due to their excellent properties such as nano-size effect, high water dispersibility, high fluorescence stability and their low production costs, Materials science and biological science.CQDs have been proved to have excellent application value in many research directions such as biosensing, bioimaging, drug carrier, photocatalysis etc. However, precisely because of the broad application prospect of CQDs, Especially in the fields of biology, medicine and environment, it is necessary to evaluate and research the potential biological toxicity of CQDs.In addition, CQDs will inevitably enter the natural environment during the process of production, use, disposal and recycling , Its high water dispersibility, its potential ecological impact on the natural environment, especially the water environment needs attention.Current studies on the biological toxicity of CQDs mainly involves the cells, bacteria, aquatic organisms (algae and fish) and terrestrial organisms (Rats, mice), etc. To clarify the biological toxicity of CQDs and its ecological effects, it is very important to understand and assess the environmental risks of CQDs and to plan its use and Income is important. This paper describes the results of research in this field, and the prospect of its analysis and research prospects.