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OBJECTIVE To explore the expression and significance of the tumor metastatic suppressor gene the KAI1 and Ki67 antigen in bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC).METHODS Two-stepped immuno-histochemical staining was used to detect the expression of the KAI1 protein and Ki67 antigen. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the KAI1 mRNA in 54 BTCC specimens and 32 normal bladder counterparts.β-actin was the internal control.RESULTS The KAI1 protein was mainly expressed on cell membranes at cell-to-cell borders, with uniform and continuous staining in normal bladder transitional epithelium. However, the number of positive-staining cells was greatly decreased in BTCC epithelium, and with an increase in the stage and Grade and appearance of lymph node metastasis the staining was non-uniform and discontinuous. The Ki67 antigen was expressed in the nucleus, and with an increase in the stage and Grade and appearance of lymph node metastasis, the Ki67 expression increased. The Ki67 antigen was negatively related to the expression of KAI1 (P＜0.01).The expression level of KAI1 mRNA was much greater in normal bladder transitional epithelium compared to BTCC, moreover, with an increase in the Grade, infiltration depth and appearance of lymph node metastasis, the expression of KAI1 mRNA was reduced.CONCLUSION The expression of KAI1 protein may be used as a prognostic marker to indicate the degree of infiltration and metastasis. Measurement of KAI1 and Ki67 expression together may be helpful in evaluating the metastatic potential and prognosis of BTCC patients.