心理学上把已有经验对新课题的影响叫做“迁移”。如果已有的经验能促进新知识技能的掌握,就是正迁移(又叫“助长性迁移”或“熟练迁移”);相反,如果已有的经验阻挠新知识技能的掌握,就是负迁移(又叫“抑制性迁移”或“熟练干扰”).迁移在学习新知、运用新知的过程中作用很大。正迁移能发展学生的智力,负迁移则严重影响教学质量的提高。因此,必须引起足够的重视。怎样在教学中运用迁移规律,克服熟练干扰呢?一、吃透“两头”,弄清迁移成因。迁移的形成有客观的原因,也有主观的原因。客观原因主要是学习对象(主要是教材知识)内部的共同或相似 The influence of existing experience on new topics in psychology is called “relocation.” If the existing experience can promote the mastery of new knowledge and skills, it is positive (or “migratory” or “skilled migration”); on the contrary, if the existing experience obstructs the mastery of new knowledge and skills, it is negative Called “inhibitory migration” or “proficient interference.”) Migration plays a large role in learning new knowledge and applying new knowledge. Positive migration can develop the intelligence of students, negative transfer will seriously affect the improvement of teaching quality. Therefore, we must pay enough attention. How to use the law of migration in teaching, to overcome the interference? First, thoroughly “two” to understand the causes of migration. The formation of migration has objective reasons, but also subjective reasons. The objective reasons are mainly the common or similar inside learning objects (mainly textbook knowledge)