圣经和批评理论的关系是一种“和”的关系,亦即对话关系。《士师记》中再现了三个匿名的女性牺牲者。在圣经中人的主体性往往以人物化的形式呈现。就叙事学研究的需要而言,她们可以分别称作巴斯、贝斯和卡拉。研究她们的主体性,以及巴斯和贝斯的处女身份,可以看出古代中东地区的社会演变踪迹,父亲与丈夫的身份交织,妓女与处女的身份混同,婚姻与性交的多样态呈现,远古社会中的妻子、妾和成年女儿具有在性交上的可使用性,从而成为男人们争夺的对象。男人们为争夺对于女人的排他性占有权而相互搏斗,女人们在捍卫主体性的斗争过程中做出了牺牲,这些都在有关女儿的宗教仪式中得到回忆。比较圣经的希伯来文本和诸多现代语言译本是一条重要的研究路径。希伯来词语犹如滚动的岩石,具有多重含义,不过在其他文献和出土文物的佐证之下其含义大都能够得到确认。从希伯来关键词入手,能够解开圣经研究中的许多谜团。圣经的学术研究有着跨学科合作的丰厚传统,跨学科的探索会带给我们诸多新的发现。 The relationship between the Bible and the theory of criticism is a kind of relationship between “and”, that is, dialogue. Three Anonymous Female Victims Reproduced in Judges. In the Bible, human subjectivity is often presented in the form of humanization. In terms of the needs of narrative research, they can be called Bath, Bass and Kara. Studying their subjectivity, as well as the virgin identity of Bath and Beth, we can see the traces of social evolution in ancient Middle East, the identity of father and husband, the identity of prostitutes and virgins, the diversity of marriage and intercourse, the ancient society In the wives, concubines and adult daughters have sexual intercourse availability, thus becoming the object of competition for men. Men fight each other for the exclusive possession of women and women make sacrifices in the struggle to defend subjectivity, all of which are reminiscent of the daughters’ rituals. Comparing the Hebrew texts of the Bible with many modern language versions is an important research path. The Hebrew words are like rolling rocks, which have multiple meanings, but most of the meaning can be confirmed under the support of other documents and unearthed artifacts. Starting with the Hebrew keywords can unlock many of the mysteries in biblical research. Biblical academic research has a rich tradition of interdisciplinary cooperation, and interdisciplinary exploration will bring us many new discoveries.