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随着产品的小型化、精密化发展,对小型零件尺寸稳定性要求越来越高,因此消除残余应力保证精密小型零件尺寸稳定性至关重要。由于小型零件的一阶固有频率都超出低频范围,现有的振动时效方法难以消除其残余应力。为此,本文提出超声振动时效方法,并采用X射线衍射仪测量超声振动时效处理前后杆件表面的残余应力,对小型零件残余应力的消除效果进行定量评定。实验结果表明:峰值残余应力明显减小,整体残余应力分布均化,证明超声振动时效消除小型零件内部残余应力的有效性。
With the miniaturization and precision development of products, the requirement for the dimensional stability of small parts is getting higher and higher. Therefore, it is very important to eliminate the residual stress to ensure the dimensional stability of precision small parts. As the first-order natural frequencies of small parts exceed the low-frequency range, the existing vibration-aging method is difficult to eliminate the residual stress. To this end, this paper presents ultrasonic vibration aging method, and the use of X-ray diffraction instrument measured before and after ultrasonic vibration aging surface of the rod residual stress, the residual stress of small parts to eliminate the quantitative assessment. The experimental results show that the peak residual stress is obviously reduced and the residual stress distribution is homogenized, which proves the effectiveness of ultrasonic vibration aging to eliminate the residual stress in small parts.