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目的探讨老年人轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)的危险因素及其与代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)的相关性。方法对2 500例年龄≥60岁老年人进行认知障碍调查,疑似MCI者共203例为MCI组,选择性别、年龄匹配的203例非MCI者为对照组,比较2组基线资料,分析其危险因素、MS各组分对MCI的影响。结果 MCI组体力活动≥60min/d比率(11.8%)、中文版简易智能状态检查量表评分(17.6±2.2)低于对照组(29.1%、24.9±2.6),合并MS(42.9%)、腹型肥胖(58.6%)、高甘油三酯血症(34.5%)、高血糖(28.6%)比率高于对照组(18.7%、41.9%、18.7%、17.2%)(P<0.05);logistic回归分析显示,高血压、MS、体力活动≥60min/d是MCI的影响因素(P<0.05),高血压、MS、体力活动≥60 min/d者MCI患病风险分别是未合并高血压、未合并MS和体力活动<60min/d的2.138倍(95%CI:1.034~4.422,P=0.040)、4.065倍(95%CI:1.845~8.954,P=0.001)、0.308倍(95%CI:0.174~0.540,P=0.000)。结论高血压、MS是MCI的独立危险因素,体力活动≥60min/d为MCI的保护因素。
Objective To explore the risk factors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the elderly and its relationship with metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods A total of 2 500 elderly patients aged 60 years or older were enrolled in this study. A total of 203 suspected MCI patients were in the MCI group, and 203 non-MCI patients of the same sex were selected as the control group. The baseline data of 2 groups were compared and analyzed Risk factors, the impact of MS components on MCI. Results The scores of physical activity ≥ 60min / d in MCI group (11.8%) were lower than those in control group (29.1%, 24.9 ± 2.6), MS (42.9%), (58.6%), hypertriglyceridemia (34.5%) and hyperglycemia (28.6%) were higher than those in the control group (18.7%, 41.9%, 18.7%, 17.2% Analysis showed that hypertension, MS, physical activity ≥ 60min / d is the influencing factor of MCI (P <0.05), hypertension, MS, physical activity ≥ 60min / d, the risk of MCI were uncomplicated hypertension, not (95% CI: 1.034-4.422, P = 0.040), 4.065 folds (95% CI: 1.845-8.954, P = 0.001), and 0.308 folds (95% CI: 0.174) with MS and physical activity <60 min / ~ 0.540, P = 0.000). Conclusion High blood pressure and MS are independent risk factors of MCI. Physical activity≥60min / d is the protective factor of MCI.