患儿男,12岁,以尿少,水肿,血尿,腹胀,头晕,恶心呕吐,呼吸困难,下肢紫癜为主诉于1989—05—04入院。患儿入院前一月多出现尿少,水肿呈下行性,尿量每日300ml—400ml,近3天每日不足200ml,浓茶色,腹胀恶心加重,呕吐每日一至三次。一年前当地医院曾诊断为“过敏性紫癜”,用消炎抗过敏等药,住院2周紫癜消失出院,既往健康。查体:体温37℃,脉搏90次/分,呼吸20次/分,血压12/8kPa。发育良好,步入病室,神清。精神萎靡,面色苍白。眼睑水肿,睑裂变小,头部及全身轻度水肿,尤其下肢指压明显,颈软.心肺无异常所见。腹部膨满无触痛,移动性浊音(+),肝脾肿大。尿常规:原蛋白定性 Children aged 12, with oliguria, edema, hematuria, abdominal distension, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, dyspnea, purpura mainly in the lower extremities complained of admission in 1989-05-04. More than one month before admission to children with less urine, edema was descending, urine output 300ml-400ml daily, nearly 3 days less than 200ml daily, dark brown, abdominal distension increased nausea, vomiting one to three times a day. A year ago, the local hospital had been diagnosed as “allergic purpura”, with anti-inflammatory anti-allergic drugs, hospitalized purpura disappeared 2 weeks, past health. Physical examination: body temperature 37 ℃, pulse 90 beats / min, breathing 20 beats / min, blood pressure 12 / 8kPa. Well-developed, into the ward, God clear. Apathetic, pale. Eyelid edema, palpebral fissure smaller, mild head and body edema, especially in lower extremity acupressure, neck soft. Cardiopulmonary no abnormal findings. Abdominal swelling no tenderness, mobility dullness (+), hepatosplenomegaly. Urine routine: the original protein qualitative