目的了解河南省豫东地区肠道寄生虫感染的流行现状,为该地区肠道寄生虫感染的防治提供科学依据。方法 2014年11月-2015年6月按照经济条件和地理方位进行分层整群抽样,随机选择豫东地区的临颍县、濮阳县、台前县、太康县、西平县、息县、项城市、新郑市、虞城县等9个县(市)26个调查点,采集人群粪样,采用改良加藤厚涂片法检查肠道蠕虫感染情况,钩蚴试管滤纸培养法鉴别钩虫(Ancylostoma sp.)虫种,3~6岁儿童采用透明胶纸肛拭法检查蛲虫(Enterobius vermicularis)感染情况,碘液染色法检查肠道原虫感染情况。收集各调查点的主要饮用水源、农民年人均纯收入等基本信息。将不同地区感染率进行标准化后进行比较。不同虫种、性别、年龄和职业以及其他相关因素的感染率间差异比较采用卡方检验。结果共收集粪样6 696份,检出肠道蠕虫6种,肠道原虫4种。肠道寄生虫总感染率为1.57%(105/6 696),其中肠道蠕虫和原虫感染率分别为0.91%(61/6 696)和0.66%(44/6 696)。感染率较高的3种肠道寄生虫分别为蛲虫(0.36%,24/6 696)、人芽囊原虫(Blastocystis hominis)(0.30%,20/6 696)和蛔虫(Ascaris lumbricoides)(0.19%,13/6 696)。3~6岁儿童蛲虫感染率为2.23%(15/674),其中肛拭蛲虫感染率为1.93%(13/674)。7份钩蚴经鉴定均为十二指肠钩虫(Ancylostoma duodenale)。肠道寄生虫感染率较高的3个县(市)分别是项城市(4.24%)、新郑市(3.51%)和太康县(3.34%)。男性和女性肠道寄生虫感染率分别为1.71%(55/3 214)和1.44%(50/3 482),两者差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.82,P>0.05)。不同文化程度人群中,肠道寄生虫感染率最高的为高中/中专组2.11%(10/473),与其他组比校,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2.41,P>0.05)。不同年龄组人群中,15~29岁组人群的肠道寄生虫感染率最高,为2.38%(21/884),与其他年龄组比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=9.39,P<0.01)。不同职业人群中,学龄前和学生人群的肠道寄生虫感染率较高,为2.5%(24/720)和2.09%(24/1 148),与其他职业人群比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=9.93,P<0.05)。饮用水为井水的调查点人群肠道寄生虫感染率为1.21%(31/2 562),高于自来水饮用人群的0.65%(27/4 134)(χ~2=5.71,P<0.05)。调查点农民年人均纯收入为1 200~11 600元,中位数为5 604.5元,肠道寄生虫感染率随农民年人均纯收入的增加而降低(χ~2=11.08,P<0.01)。结论河南省豫东地区人体重点寄生虫感染情况较前两次调查有显著下降,学龄前儿童、学生人群是今后监测的重点人群。 Objective To understand the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in the eastern part of Henan Province and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of intestinal parasitic infections in this area. Methods From November 2014 to June 2015, stratified cluster sampling was conducted according to economic conditions and geographical orientation. Linyi County, Puyang County, Taiqian County, Taikang County, Xiping County, Xixian County, 26 censuses were collected from 9 counties (cities) in Shijiazhuang, Xiangcheng, Xinzheng, Yucheng and other counties. The fecal samples were collected and the intestinal worm infection was examined by modified Kato thick smear method. Ancylostoma sp.), 3 to 6-year-old children were examined for Enterobius vermicularis infection by a translucent adhesive tape anal sphingomy and intestinal protozoal infection by iodine staining. Collect the basic information of the main sources of drinking water sources and per capita net income of peasants at each survey point. The infection rates in different regions were standardized and compared. The differences in infection rates among different species, sex, age and occupation and other related factors were compared using the chi square test. Results A total of 6 696 samples of feces were collected. Six kinds of intestinal worms and four kinds of intestinal protozoa were detected. The total intestinal parasitic infection rate was 1.57% (105/6 696). The infection rates of intestinal worms and protozoa were 0.91% (61/6 696) and 0.66% (44/6 696) respectively. The three enteric parasites with higher infection rates were pinworm (0.36%, 24/6 696), Blastocystis hominis (0.30%, 20/6 696) and Ascaris lumbricoides %, 13/6 696). The prevalence of pinworm in children aged 3 ~ 6 years was 2.23% (15/674), of which the infection rate was 1.93% (13/674). Seven of the metacercariae were identified as Ancylostoma duodenale. The three counties with higher intestinal parasitic infection rates are Xiangcheng (4.24%), Xinzheng (3.51%) and Taikang (3.34%) respectively. The infection rates of intestinal parasites in men and women were 1.71% (55/3 214) and 1.44% (50/3 482), respectively, with no significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 0.82, P> 0.05). The highest rates of intestinal parasitic infection were 2.11% (10/473) in the high school / secondary school students and no significant difference with other groups (χ ~ 2 = 2.41, P> 0.05) . The prevalence of intestinal parasites was the highest among all age groups (2.38% (21/884)), and the difference was statistically significant compared with other age groups (χ ~ 2 = 9.39, P < 0.01). Among different occupational groups, the prevalence of intestinal parasites in pre-school and post-school population was 2.5% (24/720) and 2.09% (24/1 148) respectively, which was significantly different from other occupational groups χ ~ 2 = 9.93, P <0.05). The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 1.21% (31/2 562), higher than that of tap water drinking population (0.65% (27/4 134)) (χ ~ 2 = 5.71, P <0.05) . The average per capita net income of peasants at the survey was 1 200 to 11 600 yuan, with a median of 5 604.5 yuan. The rate of intestinal parasitic infection was reduced with the annual per capita net income of peasants (χ ~ 2 = 11.08, P <0.01) . Conclusions The prevalence of human parasitic infections in Henan Province is significantly lower than that in the previous two surveys. The preschool children and students are the key populations for future monitoring.