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因为城墙和狭窄的街道阻碍了近代商业社会所需要的人与货物的自由流动,所以象征中国人宇宙观和帝国秩序的城墙环绕的传统中国城市的近代化历程,是以“拆除城墙为开端的”。在此进程中,为工商业服务的经济逻辑取代了保卫行政中心安全的防卫逻辑,城市空间被重新经营配置。20世纪的前30年,甚或更早,北京城就在官民的共同努力下,开始了效仿西方都市的近代化历程。与排污系统、供水系统、电灯照明、铁路、电车等城市交通的改造一道,社稷坛、天坛、先农坛、太庙、颐和园等皇家的花园、祭坛成为公园。
Because the city walls and narrow streets obstruct the free flow of people and goods required by modern business society, the modernization of traditional Chinese cities, which is surrounded by the walls that symbolize the cosmology and empire order of the Chinese people, started with the demolition of the city walls ". In this process, the economic logic of service for industry and commerce replaced the defense logic of defending the administrative center, and the urban space was re-allocated. In the first 30 years of the twentieth century, or even earlier, under the joint efforts of officials and civilians, Beijing City began to follow the course of modernization in western cities. Along with the transformation of urban traffic such as sewerage system, water supply system, electric lamp lighting, railways and trams, royal gardens such as the altar, Temple of Heaven, Xiannongdan, too Temple, Summer Palace and altar become parks.