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在生长箱内控制条件下分析测定了接种体密度、土壤水分基质势和土壤温度对辣椒疫病死苗率的影响。结果表明 ,在每克干土中接种 1个辣椒疫霉菌孢子囊就能造成侵染 ,引致辣椒死苗 ,随着接种体密度升高死苗率增大 ,直至接种体孢子囊密度达到 5 0～ 80个 /g干土时死苗率达到最高。土壤温度和土壤水分状况是决定辣椒疫病死苗率的重要因子 ,病菌侵染的最适土温是 2 2～ 2 8℃ ,土壤水分接近饱和 ,即土壤水分基质势 ( Ψm 值 )为 0时最容易侵染发病 ,土壤过于干燥和过饱和都不利于侵染发病。辣椒疫病死苗率与土壤温度、土壤水分基质势及其互作之间可用数学模式描述。
The effects of inoculum density, soil water matrix potential and soil temperature on the mortality of pepper capsicum were analyzed under the control of growth chamber. The results showed that inoculation of 1 capsicum of Phytophthora capsici per gram of dry soil could cause infection and lead to the death of pepper seedlings. With the increase of inoculum density, the seedling emergence rate increased until the inoculum spore capsule density reached 50 ~ 80 / g dry soil when the dead rate reached the highest. Soil temperature and soil water status are the important factors that determine the mortality rate of pepper blight. The optimum soil temperature for infection is 22 ~ 28 ℃. The soil moisture is close to saturation, that is, the soil water matrix potential (Ψm value) is 0 The most susceptible to infection, the soil is too dry and supersaturated are not conducive to the incidence of infection. The rate of dead shoots, the soil temperature, the soil water matrix potential and the interaction between them can be described mathematically.