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针对储粮害虫抗药性日趋严重、粮食熏蒸剂品种越来越少的现状,采用密闭熏蒸法,系统研究甲酸乙酯(EtF)在不同条件下对米象Sitophilusoryzae(L.)卵、低龄幼虫、高龄幼虫、蛹以及成虫的致死作用。在25℃条件下以40和45μL/L的药剂浓度处理米象成虫12h,其校正死亡率分别为90.541%和99.324%;以30μL/L的浓度在19、25和31℃下处理24h,校正死亡率分别为83.108%、62%和42%,表明甲酸乙酯具有良好的速效性,且在相对低温时比在相对高温时熏蒸效果好。在20、25和30℃条件下,熏蒸处理米象成虫24h,其LC50分别为25.094、28.650和30.875μL/L;处理48h时则分别为23.101、25.805和27.316μL/L。30g/m3的甲酸乙酯熏蒸处理米象卵、低龄幼虫、高龄幼虫和蛹24h,对应死亡率为96.930%、99.333%、97.768%和93.386%,表明甲酸乙酯对米象低龄幼虫的熏蒸效果最好,蛹和卵对甲酸乙酯具有较高的耐药性。
Aiming at the present situation that the resistance of stored grain pests is becoming more and more serious and the varieties of grain fumigants are getting less and less, the effects of EtF on the eggs, young larvae of Sitophilusoryzae (L.) Olden larvae, pupae and adult lethal effects. The corrected mortalities were 90.541% and 99.324% respectively at 25 and 40μL / L for 12h, and at 30μL / L for 19 and 25 h at 31 ℃ Mortality rates were 83.108%, 62% and 42%, respectively, indicating that ethyl formate has good fast effectiveness and is better at relatively low temperatures than at higher temperatures. Under the conditions of 20, 25 and 30 ℃, the LC50 of fumigated rice adults were 25.094, 28.650 and 30.875μL / L respectively for 24 hours and 23.101, 25.805 and 27.316μL / L for 48h. The fumigant effect of ethyl formate on millet larvae was observed after fumigation with 30g / m3 formic acid ethyl for eggs, young larvae, advanced larvae and pupae for 24 hours, corresponding to 96.930%, 99.333%, 97.768% and 93.386% mortality Best, pupae and eggs have higher resistance to ethyl formate.