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放射性核素~(131)碘(~(131)Ⅰ)之所以能用于甲状腺功能的检查,主要取决于:(1)物理因素:~(131)Ⅰ在衰变过程中,主要释放出两种射线,即β和γ射线。γ射线有较强的穿透力,可以穿透甲状腺的被膜及皮肤,因此可以从体外用探测器测量出来并记录出它的相对强度。(2)生物学因素:甲状腺是人体重要的内分泌腺之一,具有摄取和浓集无机碘的功能。放射线~(131)Ⅰ和非放射性碘虽然物理性质不同,但其化学性质一样,在机体内的生物学性质亦大致相同。而碘被浓集的速度和数量与甲状腺功能有关,因此根据甲状腺摄取~(131)Ⅰ的能力可以判断甲状腺功能。甲状腺摄~(131)Ⅰ率的数值,除受设备条件和技术方法的影响外,正常健康人也因各地环境中(饮水及食物)含碘不同出现较大差别,直接影响到甲状腺摄~(131)Ⅰ率的高低。各地的实验室都从测定本地正常人群中,找出甲状腺摄~(131)Ⅰ的均值和范围,建立本地区正常值。
(131) Ⅰ) The reason why radionuclide 131 I (~ 131) Ⅰ can be used for the examination of thyroid function mainly depends on: (1) Physical factors: 131 I mainly releases two kinds during decay Rays, that is, beta and gamma rays. Gamma ray has a strong penetrating power, can penetrate the thyroid gland and skin, so it can be measured from the outside of the detector and record its relative intensity. (2) biological factors: the thyroid gland is one of the important endocrine glands, with the function of uptake and concentration of inorganic iodine. Radiation ~ (131) Ⅰ and non-radioactive iodine Although the physical properties of different, but its chemical properties, the biological properties of the body are also roughly the same. The speed and quantity of iodine to be collected are related to thyroid function, so thyroid function can be judged according to thyroid uptake of 131I. Thyroid uptake ~ (131) Ⅰ rate of the value, in addition to the equipment conditions and technical methods, the impact of normal healthy people around the environment (water and food) iodine differences appear to have a direct impact on the thyroid up to ( 131) Ⅰ rate of high and low. Local laboratories from the determination of the local normal population, find thyroid up ~ (131) Ⅰ mean and scope, the establishment of normal in the region.