流行性脑脊髓膜炎(简称流脑)是由脑膜炎奈瑟菌通过呼吸道传播引起的化脓性脑脊髓膜炎,冬、春季节为发病高峰,是一种以隐性感染为主的呼吸道传染病〔1〕。南涧县20世纪60~80年代发病率高达9·37/10万~43·40/10万,南涧县当时的流脑感染率还是很高;80年代起开始下降,90年代中期仍 Epidemic meningococcal meningitis (referred to as meningitis) is caused by Neisseria meningitidis transmitted through the respiratory tract purulent meningitis, winter and spring peak incidence, is a recessive infection-based respiratory infections Disease 〔1〕. In Nanjian County, the incidence in the 1960s and 1980s was as high as 9.37 to 0.4340 per 100 000. The prevalence of meningitis in Nanjian County was still high at that time. The incidence of meningitis began to decline in the 1980s and was still low in the mid-1990s