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中学物理教材在讨论简谐振动时,一般是这样定义的:“在跟位移成正比而方向相反的回复力的作用下的振动,叫做简谐振动”。当给出简谐振动的运动学方程时,一般表示为:x=Acos(ωt+φ),并指出x表示t时刻相对原点O的位移,我们认为有必要讨论一下这里的“位移”概念。众所周知:“位移”是矢量,它描述质点在一定时间间隔内位置的变动,自质点初位置引向Δt时间后末位置的矢量称作质点在这段时间内的位移。可以表示为:
In the discussion of simple harmonic vibration in middle school physics textbooks, it is generally defined as: “The vibration under the action of the restoring force that is proportional to the displacement and in the opposite direction is called simple harmonic vibration.” When the kinematics equation of simple harmonic vibration is given, it is generally expressed as: x=Acos(ωt+φ), and indicates that x represents the displacement from the origin O at time t. We think it is necessary to discuss the concept of “displacement” here. It is well-known that “displacement” is a vector that describes the change in position of a particle within a certain time interval. The vector leading from the initial position of the particle to the position at the end of Δt time is called the displacement of the particle in this time. It can be expressed as: