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较之常规件杂货运输，集装箱班轮运输有着准确、便捷、规范化的优势。承运人或其代理人在接受集装箱货物的订舱、排载后，出于种种原因，常有为数不少的货载无法如期装船出运，这就是所谓的退载。多年来，退载现象一直困扰着集装箱运输的发展，在一定程度上制约着出口货运量的
Compared with the conventional groceries transport, container liner transport has the advantages of accurate, convenient and standardized. After the carrier or his agent has accepted the booking of container cargoes and discharged them, for a variety of reasons, it is often the case that a large number of cargoes can not be shipped on time. This is called de-loading. Over the years, the phenomenon of unloading has plagued the development of container transport, to a certain extent, restricts the volume of export cargo