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本研究基于GIS技术构建网格体系,处理三份近代实测海图汇编资料,重建了长江口南支河段(徐六泾口-吴淞口)1861-1953年期间的冲淤强度及其分布,基本理清了19世纪中期——20世纪中期现代观测制度确立前研究区内河槽冲淤状况及变化过程,19世纪中期——20世纪初期南支处于强烈冲刷阶段,至20世纪中期冲淤大体平衡而略有淤积;其中≤3m和≥10m水域的冲淤变化状况最为明显。今南支航道体系的形成是在19世纪中期——20世纪中期自然冲淤基础上进行人工整治的产物。在重建冲淤状况的基础上,对崇明县城南侧扁担沙——南丰沙的变迁过程进行重建,以此为例探讨了典型河槽断面的演化过程。
Based on GIS technology, this study constructed a grid system, processed three compilation data of modern measured charts, and reconstructed the erosion and silting intensity and distribution during the period from 1861 to 1953 in the section of Nanzhahe section of Changjiang Estuary (Xuliujingkou-Wusongkou) Basically clear the mid-19th century - the mid-20th century, the establishment of modern observation system before the establishment of the river basin erosion and silting conditions and changes in the study area, the mid-19th century - early 20th century, South Branch in a strong erosion stage, to the mid-20th century, Balance and slightly silted; of which ≤ 3m and ≥ 10m water scouring and silting changes the most obvious. The formation of the South Branch Channel today is a product of artificial remediation based on natural scouring and silting in the middle of the 19th century - the mid-20th century. On the basis of reconstructing the status of scouring and silting, the process of the transformation of the Banshansha-Nanfengsha south of Chongming County is reconstructed, and the evolution of the typical channel section is discussed.