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在《约翰福音》的序言中,“道”(λóγo)一词被用来指称耶稣。关于此词的选用意图和背景,学者们众说纷纭。有一种观点认为希腊文化对“道”一词的选用有直接影响,还有一种认为犹太教背景才是理解其意义的关键,另外一些人则把希腊化犹太教视作是影响《约翰福音》的最主要因素。在考察上述三种文化背景的基础上,本文通过分析犹太教哲学家斐洛(Philo of Alexandria)对“道”的论述,指出其对“道”的理解对于解释《约翰福音》序言十分重要,作为《约翰福音》序言中“道”的一个可能的选词来源,斐洛的“道”或许是一座连通《约翰福音》序言当中希腊和犹太背景的桥梁。
In the preface to the Gospel of John, the word “λóγo” is used to refer to Jesus. There are many different opinions about the purpose and background of the choice of this term. There is a view that the Greek culture has a direct influence on the selection of the word “Dao”, and the other one holds that the background of Judaism is the key to understanding its meaning. Others regard Hellenistic Judaism as influencing the “Gospel of John” The most important factor. On the basis of examining the above three cultural backgrounds, this essay points out that its understanding of “Dao ” is of great help in explaining the preface of the Gospel of John by analyzing the discourse of “Dao ” by the Jewish philosopher Philo of Alexandria It is very important that as a possible source for the word “Tao” in the Preamble of John, Philo’s Daoism may be a bridge connecting the Greek and Jewish backgrounds in the Preamble to the Gospel of John.