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目的通过对国内农村妇女生殖道感染(RTI)相关文献进行Meta分析,探究农村妇女RTI的相关因素,为农村妇女RTI的预防提供依据,并为相关研究奠定基础。方法通过检索CNKI和万方数据库等国内数据库收集有关农村妇女RTI相关因素的文献,应用STATA12.1软件计算比值比OR及95%置信区间CI。结果农村妇女生殖道感染率已达48.53%,具有统计学意义的与农村妇女RTI相关的因素有文化程度小学及以下(OR=1.518,95%CI=1.032~2.233)、经济年收入5 000元以下(OR=1.226,95%CI=1.086~1.384)、月经周期异常(OR=1.818,95%CI=1.321~2.504)、月经量异常(OR=1.447,95%CI=1.309~1.599)、痛经史(OR=1.645,95%CI=1.327~2.040)、怀孕2次及以上(OR=1.504,95%CI=1.247,1.815)、生育2次及以上(OR=1.582,95%CI=1.295~1.932)、人工流产(OR=1.62,95%CI=1.214~2.163)、RTI知识知晓(OR=0.483,95%CI=0.344~0.677)、冬天洗澡间隔7天及以下(OR=0.66,95%CI=0.587~0.743)、有专门清洗外阴的用具(OR=0.347,95%CI=0.219~0.549)及盆浴(OR=1.273,95%CI=1.083~1.497)。结论文化程度、经济收入、月经周期、月经量、痛经史、怀孕及生育次数、人工流产、生殖道感染知识知晓、冬天洗澡频率、清洗外阴的用具及洗澡方式与农村妇女RTI密切相关,其中RTI知识知晓、冬天洗澡间隔时间短、有专门清洗外阴的用具为农村妇女RTI的保护因素。应采取多种方式预防农村妇女RTI的发生。
Objective To explore the relative factors of RTI in rural women by Meta-analysis of the literature about reproductive tract infections (RTI) in rural women in China and provide the basis for the prevention of RTI in rural women, and lay the foundation for the related research. Methods The literatures about the related factors of RTI in rural women were collected by searching CNKI and Wanfang database. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by using STATA12.1 software. Results The prevalence of reproductive tract infection in rural women reached 48.53%. There were statistically significant correlations between rural women’s RTI and primary school education (OR = 1.518, 95% CI = 1.032 ~ 2.233), and annual economic income of 5,000 yuan (OR = 1.226, 95% CI = 1.086-1.384), abnormal menstrual cycle (OR = 1.818,95% CI = 1.321-2.504), abnormal menstruation (OR = 1.447, 95% CI = 1.309-1.599) (OR = 1.454, 95% CI = 1.247, 1.815), two or more births (OR = 1.582, 95% CI = 1.295 ~ (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.344-0.677). In the winter bathing interval was less than 7 days (OR = 0.66, 95% CI, 1.932) (OR = 0.347, 95% CI = 0.219-0.549) and bath (OR = 1.273, 95% CI = 1.083-1.497). Conclusion The degree of economic status, economic income, menstrual cycle, menstrual flow, history of dysmenorrhea, number of pregnancy and birth, knowledge of induced abortion and reproductive tract infection, winter bathing frequency, means of washing the vulva and bathing pattern are closely related to the RTI in rural women, Knowledge, winter bathing time is short, there are specialized cleaning of the vulva for rural women RTI protective factor. There are many ways to prevent RTI from occurring in rural women.