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目的探讨尘肺合并慢阻肺患者的抗生素使用现状及合理使用情况。方法将2013年1月1日至2014年10月1日在吉林市职业病医院某疗区住院的所有尘肺合并慢阻肺急性加重期的患者作为调查对象。共收集1552例病历,其中应用抗生素病历151例,应用抗生素156次(其中3份病历为联合用药,2份病历为疗效不理想,更换用药)。回顾分析尘肺并慢阻肺患者抗生素的使用率、抗生素的联合用药、不合理用药等情况。结果抗生素使用率为9.73%;单用抗生素病历98.1%;二联用药抗生素病历1.99%;无三联及以上用药。不合理使用处方率为14.1%,不合理处方的类型以用法不合理7.1%和剂量不合理4.5%为主。统计抗生素处方中排在前5位的抗生素分别为左氧氟沙星注射液54例,占34.6%;罗红霉素分散片35例,占22.4%;注射用阿奇霉素28例,占18.5%;头孢呋辛酯胶囊14例,占9.0%;头孢哌酮舒巴坦钠13例,占8.3%。结论抗生素使用率在合理范围内,存在少部分不合理性,应通过规范使用来提高临床合理应用抗生素水平。
Objective To investigate the antibiotic use status and rational use of patients with pneumoconiosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods From January 1, 2013 to October 1, 2014, all patients with pneumoconiosis and acute exacerbation of COPD hospitalized in a treatment area of Jilin City Occupational Disease Hospital were investigated. A total of 1552 cases of medical records were collected, of which 151 cases were antibiotics and 156 antibiotics were used (3 of the cases were combined and 2 cases were unsatisfactory and the drug was replaced). Retrospective analysis of pneumoconiosis and COPD in patients with antibiotic use, antibiotic combination therapy, irrational use of drugs and so on. Results The antibiotic usage rate was 9.73%. The medical records of antibiotics alone were 98.1%. The medical records of antibiotics combined with antibiotics were 1.99%. No drug combination or above was used. Unreasonable use of prescription rate of 14.1%, irrational prescription types to use unreasonable 7.1% and irrational 4.5% based. The antibiotics listed in the top 5 antibiotics prescriptions were levofloxacin injection in 54 cases (34.6%), roxithromycin dispersible tablets in 35 cases (22.4%), azithromycin injection in 28 cases (18.5%), cefuroxime axetil Capsules in 14 cases, accounting for 9.0%; cefoperazone sulbactam sodium in 13 cases, accounting for 8.3%. Conclusion The antibiotic usage rate is within a reasonable range, there is a small part of unreasonable, should be standardized to improve the clinical rational use of antibiotics.