观鸟去,展开想象的翅膀

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  Melissa Block (Host): Here’s an idea for trying to 1)pry your kid away from the iPod or the 2)Hannah Montana video: How about going outside and trying to find birds? And that’s a proposal from Bill Thompson, who’s here with us today at Huntley Meadows Park in Virginia. And I’ve brought a young birder with me today, my daughter Chloe.
  Bill (Bird Watcher): Chloe, come here and see if this 3)scope is the right height for you. We may need to go a little lower. You see a bird in there?
  Chloe: Yeah.
  Bill: What color is it?
  Chloe: Black and red.
  Bill: Where’s the red?
  Chloe: Like, on its wings.
  Bill: Right. You know what that is? It’s a male 4)red-wing blackbird. There, he just sang. He goes, “Conkery.”Melissa: How hard a sell, Bill, is it for you to convince your kids’ friends that birding might be fun, isn’t totally uncool? How to, how to pry them out of the house?
  Bill: Well, it’s…the first thing is just to get them out of the house. And it’s not hard once you’ve got birds to look at to spark a kid’s imagination, because, you know, birds have these qualities that we as humans completely admire. They’re beautifully colored, in many cases. They make amazing noises. And they can do something that we’ve only been able to do in the last hundred years, which is fly.
  Melissa: We got a big bird flying overhead.
  Bill: Oh, yeah! Do you hear all the red-wings doing that whistle call? That’s a warning. That’s a warning call. I believe it’s a young 5)red-shouldered hawk. So they’re warning everybody else, “Hey, there’s a hawk!”
  Melissa: What’s that?
  Bill: That’s a 6)phoebe. That’s the bird that we named our daughter Phoebe after.
  Melissa: Back on that…that’s kind of a plain little bird. Bill: It is. It’s a 7)drab little bird, but, you know, they’re one of the first insect-eating birds that you start seeing in the spring, so it’s a real happy bird. And they’re really energetic. They’re always flicking their tail and singing, you know, “Phoebe.”
  Melissa: Do you worry about kids losing touch with nature, and not getting outside so much?
  Bill: I do. And we all have our 8)attention spans just cut down to a fraction, and it’s harder and harder to find time to do anything that takes time. I think the concern is that with all the stuff that gets pushed at us every day, you know, and cell phones and iPods and the Internet, I mean, we just…our brains are filling up and we don’t get that relaxing release that nature gives us. After all, we’re animals just like anything else, and this is our natural habitat. You know, our natural habitat isn’t sitting in a 9)cubicle.   Melissa: And then the trick is how do you get a kid, who’s used to fast action everything, to slow down and wait for what might be a long time before something shows up that’s interesting.
  Bill: That’s true, but one thing we’ve done with our son Liam, who’s not really much a bird watcher yet. He’s eight. He leads the trip. We say, “Liam, you’re the 10)scout. You chart the path, and tell us what you see.” He loves that, because then he’s got a job to do, and he’s…he can self-pilot.
  Melissa: Put him in charge.
  Bill: Yeah. What I found really works well is to have the kid do as Chloe’s done now, write down the birds when they see them and the date and maybe the place. And then they’ve always got that book of memories for, for years to come. I’ve still got my book that I started in 1969.
  Melissa: Really?
  Bill: With my, you know, little 11)scrawly handwriting there about the first birds that I saw. And I, I love going back and looking at that.


  梅丽莎·布洛克(主持人):要把你家孩子从iPod或者汉娜·蒙塔娜视频旁边拽开,这儿有一个好点子:不如出外走走,看能不能发现几只小鸟吧。这是比尔·汤普森的提议,今天他与我们一起来到位于美国弗吉尼亚州的亨特利湿地公园。我今天还带来了一名小小观鸟人——我的女儿克洛伊。
  比尔(鸟类观察家):克洛伊,到这里来,看看这副望远镜的高度适不适合你。我们也许得再调低一点。你看见那边有只鸟吗?
  克洛伊:看见了。
  比尔:是什么颜色的?
  克洛伊:黑色和红色。
  比尔:红色在哪里?
  克洛伊:呃,在翅膀上吧。
  比尔:没错。你知道那是什么鸟吗?那是一只雄性的红翅黑鹂。你听,它唱歌了,“康克利”。
  梅丽莎:比尔,要说服你家孩子的小伙伴,告诉他们观鸟也可以很有趣,并不是什么土里土气的活计,这到底有多困难呢?如何……怎样才能把他们从屋子里拽出来呢?
  比尔:喔,那个……首先得将他们从屋子里带出来。一旦让他们观察到鸟儿,要启发小孩的想象力就不太困难了,因为你瞧,鸟类具有许多让我们人类钦慕不已的特性。在大多数情况下,它们有着美丽的翎毛。它们的叫声婉转动听。而且它们可以做到我们在最近一百年才实现的事情——那就是飞行。
  梅丽莎:有一只大鸟从我们头顶飞过去了。比尔:噢,没错!你们听见所有的红翅黑鹂都在发出尖锐的哨声吗?那是警告,是表示警告的叫声。我想那是一只年轻的赤肩鹫。所以它们是在互相警告:“喂!有老鹰!”
  梅丽莎:那是什么鸟?
  比尔:那是东菲比霸鹟。我家女儿菲比的名字就是由此而来的。
  梅丽莎:在那后面……那是一只很平常的小鸟。
  比尔:确实如此。它就是一种单调的褐色小鸟,不过你要知道,它们可是你在春天最早看到的食虫鸟之一。它们是一种非常活泼的小鸟,精力特别充沛。你瞧,它们总是在一边拍打着尾巴,一边叫着“菲比”。
  梅丽莎:你担心孩子们与大自然的关系逐渐疏远,不那么乐意到户外去吗?
  比尔:我确实有这种担心。我们所有人的注意广度都被碎片化了,现在越来越难找到时间去做点需要花时间的事情。我觉得,要担心的是我们每天都要面对的这些东西,你知道,手机、iPod和互联网之类的。我的意思是,我们……我们的脑子塞满了东西,无法到大自然里放松身心、释放自我。说到底,我们人类也是动物,就像其他动物一样,这是我们的自然栖息地。你瞧,我们的自然栖息地可不是在一个小房间里枯坐度日。
  梅丽莎:然后,要花心思的地方在于你该如何让一个习惯于快节奏生活的孩子慢下来,在有趣的事情出现之前,耐心地等上好一阵子。
  比尔:没错,不过我们对付儿子利亚姆有这么一招——他还不算是个观鸟人。他今年八岁,负责给我们当向导。我们说:“利亚姆,你是侦察兵。你来制订路线,告诉我们你都看见些什么。”他乐此不疲,因为这样他就有事可做了,而且……他可以自己找路。
  梅丽莎:让他说了算。
  比尔:是啊。我发现了一个很有效果的法子,就是让小孩子像克洛伊现在这样,每当观察到鸟儿就记录下来,记下日期,或许还要记下地点。这样一来,这本充满回忆的记录册就会在往后多年里一直陪伴着他们。我至今还保留着我那本从1969年开始记录的册子。
  梅丽莎:真的吗?
  比尔:你知道,上面都是我那小小的、潦草的字迹,记录了我最早观察到的野鸟。我……我很喜欢不时回头翻看,重温这一切。
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