“民族化”是指,在近代民族主义潮流下全球各地由国家主导,经学术调查、研究、分类以界定各“民族”并识别个人民族归属,所造成的全面之政治经济与社会文化变迁。本文以羌族为例,说明在近代中国发生之民族化过程。其次,我说明民族化后羌族的社会转型变迁,以及相对应的文化变迁。最后我对民族化提出一些反思;相对于在此之前各地方村寨人群相互劫掠、攻伐,人们时时生活在暴力威胁与恐惧之中,成为羌族后的村寨族群关系的确有极大进步,但仍产生一些新问题或也有旧问题的延伸,值得关怀及设法调整改进。 “Nationalization ” refers to the all-round political and economic all-round led by the state under the tide of modern nationalism and by the academic investigation, research and classification to define each ethnic group and to identify the individual’s ethnic affiliation. Social and cultural changes. This article takes Qiang ethnic group as an example to illustrate the process of nationalization occurred in modern China. Second, I explain the changes in the social transformation of the Qiang nationality after the nationalization and the corresponding cultural changes. Lastly, I put forward some introspection on nationalization. Compared with the previous looting and attack by village groups in various places, people always live in the threat and fear of violence and have indeed made great strides in their relations with the ethnic groups behind the Qiang ethnic group. However, Still produce some new problems or have the extension of old problems, worthy of care and try to adjust the improvement.