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英语中include，contain，involve，cover和hold这些动词都有“包含；包括；容纳；牵涉”的意思，是同学们普遍容易混淆的词。下面结合相应的例子，就其意义和用法加以辨析。
一、 辨析
（1） include相当于“to have as a part or member”，意为“包含；包括”，表示组成整体的部分、能明确划分的部分，多指抽象的概念。
例1The price includes postal charges. 邮资已算入了价格中。
（2） contain相当于“to have within itself ”，意为“包含；容纳”，指较大事物中所包括的可分离的部分，可以是具体的实体。
例2This book contains important information. 这本书中有重要的信息。
例3The atlas contains forty maps. 这本地图册里有40张地图。
（3） involve相当于“to cause (sb.) to be included in or troubled by sth.”，意为“包括；牵涉”，多指某种局势或活动涉及了人或物。
例4Don’t involve me in your quarrel, please. 请不要把我牵涉到你们的争吵中。
（4） cover相当于“to include, esp. in planning, discussion, etc.”，意为“谈到；涉及；包含”，尤指计划、讨论中的事。
例5We covered everything at the last meeting. 在最后一次会议中我们谈及了所有的事情。
例6The report covered all aspects of the problem. 这个报告涉及了问题的各个方面。
（5） hold相当于“to be able to contain”，意为“容纳；包含”，指某物能装下一定数量的人或物。
例7The car can hold four adults. 这个车子可以乘坐四个成年人。
例8His eyes hold pity for the homeless woman. 他的眼神中充满着对这个无家可归的妇人的怜悯。
二、 练习题
1. The hall is large enough to _____ 2,000 people.
A. contain B. include
C. involve D. hold
2. The conference delegates _____ representatives from abroad.
A. included B. held
C. involved D. contained
3. The discussion ______ a wide range of subjects.
A. involved B. included
C. contained D. covered
4. Orange juice ______ things which help keep you healthy.
A. covers B. contains
C. involves D. includes
5. Whether we like it or not, we are all _______.
A. held B. contained
C. involved D. included
6. He ____ an MP3 on the list of souvenirs to buy.
A. includes B. contains
C. covers D. holds
7. This short story ______ only a few days but it is very exciting.
A. contains B. covers
C. includes D. holds
8. Newly produced computer can ______ huge amounts of information.
A. cover B. include
C. hold D. contain
( Keys：1～5 DADBC6～8 ABC)
一、 辨析
（1） include相当于“to have as a part or member”，意为“包含；包括”，表示组成整体的部分、能明确划分的部分，多指抽象的概念。
例1The price includes postal charges. 邮资已算入了价格中。
（2） contain相当于“to have within itself ”，意为“包含；容纳”，指较大事物中所包括的可分离的部分，可以是具体的实体。
例2This book contains important information. 这本书中有重要的信息。
例3The atlas contains forty maps. 这本地图册里有40张地图。
（3） involve相当于“to cause (sb.) to be included in or troubled by sth.”，意为“包括；牵涉”，多指某种局势或活动涉及了人或物。
例4Don’t involve me in your quarrel, please. 请不要把我牵涉到你们的争吵中。
（4） cover相当于“to include, esp. in planning, discussion, etc.”，意为“谈到；涉及；包含”，尤指计划、讨论中的事。
例5We covered everything at the last meeting. 在最后一次会议中我们谈及了所有的事情。
例6The report covered all aspects of the problem. 这个报告涉及了问题的各个方面。
（5） hold相当于“to be able to contain”，意为“容纳；包含”，指某物能装下一定数量的人或物。
例7The car can hold four adults. 这个车子可以乘坐四个成年人。
例8His eyes hold pity for the homeless woman. 他的眼神中充满着对这个无家可归的妇人的怜悯。
二、 练习题
1. The hall is large enough to _____ 2,000 people.
A. contain B. include
C. involve D. hold
2. The conference delegates _____ representatives from abroad.
A. included B. held
C. involved D. contained
3. The discussion ______ a wide range of subjects.
A. involved B. included
C. contained D. covered
4. Orange juice ______ things which help keep you healthy.
A. covers B. contains
C. involves D. includes
5. Whether we like it or not, we are all _______.
A. held B. contained
C. involved D. included
6. He ____ an MP3 on the list of souvenirs to buy.
A. includes B. contains
C. covers D. holds
7. This short story ______ only a few days but it is very exciting.
A. contains B. covers
C. includes D. holds
8. Newly produced computer can ______ huge amounts of information.
A. cover B. include
C. hold D. contain
( Keys：1～5 DADBC6～8 ABC)