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云南南亚热带地区光能资源丰富 ,不仅表现在太阳辐射量高于我国华南和华东地区 ,而且辐射强度大 ,是籼型杂交水稻、冬播玉米等作物的高产区。全年热量资源充足 ,≥ 1 0℃积温在 6 0 0 0～ 75 0 0℃·d之间。但温度年较差小 ,日较差大 ,冬暖夏凉 ,一年四季都能种植玉米 ,是云南南亚热带地区玉米气候生态的一大特点。夏季高温强度不够 ,日照时数偏少是限制杂交水稻提高结实率和产量的主要因子。全年降水适中 ,但分布不均 ,地域差异大 ,干季降水量仅占全年总降水量的 1 0 %～ 1 5 % ,冬春干旱严重制约着冬播玉米以及水稻拔节前的生长发育。发展农田水利和灌溉是云南南亚热带地区夺取水稻、冬播玉米高产、稳产最重要的措施。
The abundant solar energy resources in the south subtropical area of Yunnan are not only reflected in that the solar radiation is higher than that in South China and East China, but also the radiation intensity is high. It is a high yielding region of indica hybrid rice and winter sowing corn. The annual heat resources are sufficient, ≥ 10 ℃ accumulated temperature 600 ~ 7500 ℃ · d between. However, the annual temperature difference is small, the date is poor, and the winter, summer and cool can grow corn all year round. It is a major feature of the maize climatic ecology in the southern subtropics of Yunnan. Summer high temperature strength is not enough, less sunshine hours is to limit the hybrid rice to improve seed setting rate and yield of the main factors. The annual precipitation is modest but unevenly distributed with large geographical differences. The precipitation in dry seasons accounts for only 10% ~ 15% of the total annual precipitation. The winter-spring drought severely restricts the growth of winter-sown maize and rice before jointing development. Development of farmland irrigation and water conservancy is the most important measure to seize rice and wintering corn in Yunnan’s south subtropics.