科索沃战争的硝烟虽已散尽,但战争的阴影却依稀在目,也给我们留下了深刻的启迪。这场战争是现代高技术战争中一个空袭和反空袭的典型战例。通过对科索沃战争的剖析,探索高技术条件下空袭作战的特点和规律,进而对我国的人防建设的优劣进行分析评估、寻求对策,意义非常重大。一、科索沃战争的重要启示自20世纪80年代以来,随着高技术兵器的广泛应用,空袭的规模越来越大,在战争中的地位越来越突出,科索沃战争中几乎成了独一无二的作战样式,在这方面给了我们三大启示。 (一)空袭已成为独立的作战样式,并越来越显示出它的威力。80年代以来,世界上爆发的一些局部战争有一个共同的特点,即首先是从空中打击开始,以扫除地面作战的障碍,削弱对方的抵抗能力,减少进攻一方的人员伤亡。空中力量的使用范围不断扩大,空中突击的命中率越来越高。如果说在科索沃战争以前的几次战争中,空袭的分额逐步加大,而科索沃战争中空袭则充斥了战争的全过程,空中打击的手段表现得淋漓尽致。以美国为首的北约,对南联盟空袭长达78天。他们首先重点空袭南联盟防空系统和重点城市,然后打击其能源设施、交通枢纽、指挥通信,进而全面打击南境内的军事、政治、经济和民用目标。整个空袭期间,规模不断升级,从最初每天出动飞机100多架次,增加至每天700多架次;从以夜间空袭为主,转 Although the smoke of the Kosovo war has been cleared, the shadow of the war is still vaguely in sight, leaving us with profound inspiration. This war is a typical example of airstrikes and anti-air raids in the modern high-tech war. Through the analysis of the war in Kosovo, it is of great significance to explore the characteristics and laws of air strikes under high-tech conditions and to analyze and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of air defense in our country and seek solutions. I. Important Inspiration of the Kosovo War Since the 1980s, with the widespread application of high-tech weapons, the scale of the air strikes has been growing and becoming more prominent in the war. It has almost become a unique war in the Kosovo war Style, in this regard gave us three major inspiration. (A) Air strikes have become an independent combat style and have increasingly shown its power. Since the 1980s, some local wars that broke out in the world have the common feature of starting with the air strikes in the first place in order to eliminate the obstacles of the ground operations, weaken the resistance of the other side and reduce the casualties on the part of the offensive side. The range of use of air power is constantly expanding, and the rate of air assault hit is getting higher and higher. If during the few wars before the Kosovo war the fraction of air strikes gradually increased, the air strikes in the Kosovo war filled the entire process of the war and the means of air strikes manifested most vividly. The NATO led by the United States held 78 days of air strikes against Yugoslavia. First, they focused their air strikes on FRY air defense systems and key cities and then cracked down on their energy facilities, transport hubs and command communications, thereby completely cracking down the military, political, economic and civilian targets in the southern territory. During the entire period of the air raid, the scale of the air raid continued to escalate. From the very beginning, more than 100 aircraft were dispatched from the initial day to more than 700 sorties each day. From mainly air attacks at night,