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导弹艇是以舰舰导弹为主要武器的小型高速水面战斗舰艇,主要用于近岸海区作战,在其他兵力协同下,以编队或单艇对敌大、中型水面舰艇实施攻击,也可用于巡逻、警戒、布雷、反潜等。小、中型导弹艇满载排水量一般为数十吨至300吨;大型导弹艇满载排水量300～500吨,航速30～40节;水翼导弹艇航速50节左右。导弹艇多采用高速柴油机推进,有的采用燃气轮机或燃气轮机-柴油机联合动力装置。艇上装备有巡航式舰舰导弹2～8枚,单管或双管20～76毫米舰炮1～2座,有的还装备有鱼雷、水雷、深水炸弹或对空导弹。艇上装有搜索探测、武器控制、通信、导航、电子对抗和以电子计算机为中心的指挥控制自动化等系统,能在最短时间内以最佳方案分配武器。导弹艇吨位小,航速高,机动灵活,攻击威力大。缺点是适航性较差,续航力较小,自卫能力较弱。20世纪50年代末,苏联将P-6级鱼雷艇改制成“蚊子”级导弹艇,装备“冥河”舰舰导弹,这是世界上出现最早的导弹艇。导弹艇问世后多次用于局部战争。在未来战争中,导弹艇将会有更广阔的发展前景。
As a small high-speed surface combatant with missile as the main weapon, guided missile warship is mainly used for combat in coastal and offshore areas. Under the cooperation of other troops, it can also be used for patrolling enemy large and medium-sized surface warships in formations or single boats. , Alert, mine, anti-submarine and so on. Small and medium-sized guided missile boats are generally loaded with displacement of dozens of tons to 300 tons; large-scale guided missile fully loaded with 300 to 500 tons of displacement, speed 30 to 40; hydrofoil missile speed of 50 knots. More guided missile boats using high-speed diesel engines, and some use of gas turbines or gas turbine - diesel combined power plant. The boat is equipped with cruise missiles 2 to 8, single or double 20 ~ 76 mm naval gun 1 to 2, and some are also equipped with torpedoes, mines, deep-water bombs or surface-to-air missiles. Boats equipped with search and detection, weapons control, communications, navigation, electronic warfare and computer-centric command and control automation systems can be allocated in the shortest time and the best program of arms. Small tonnage of missile boats, high speed, flexible, powerful attack. The disadvantage is poor airworthiness, endurance smaller, weaker self-defense capabilities. In the late 1950s, the Soviet Union transformed the P-6 torpedo into a “Mosquito” class missile boat equipped with the “Styx” ship missile, the earliest missile in the world. Many times after the advent of missile boats for local war. In the future war, missile boats will have a broader development prospects.