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目的分析人感染H7N9禽流感病例流行病学特征,研究其流行特点、规律以及危险因素。方法收集10例确诊病例的流行病学以及活禽市场外环境标本结果等资料。结果病例主要集中在怀集县,以低年龄组人群为主,男7例,女3例,职业分布比较分散;低年龄组人群以轻症为主,病程较有基础病的病例短,差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.152,P=0.031);所有病例均有禽类暴露史;病例可疑暴露环境标本阳性率较非可疑暴露环境高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.198,P<0.05)。结论 H7N9禽流感能感染各年龄段人群,低年龄组人群的病程短、症状轻;禽类暴露是感染的危险因素;活禽市场采取休市措施能明显控制疫情发展。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human H7N9 bird flu and to study its epidemiological characteristics, laws and risk factors. Methods The epidemiology of 10 confirmed cases and the results of environmental samples from live poultry market were collected. Results The cases were mainly located in Huaiji County, mainly in the low-age group. There were 7 males and 3 females with a relatively scattered occupational distribution. The patients in the lower age group were mainly mild and the disease duration was shorter than those with underlying diseases. The difference was significant (Z = -2.152, P = 0.031). All the cases had a history of bird exposure. The positive rate of suspicious cases of environmental exposure was higher than that of non-suspicious environment (χ2 = 33.198, P <0.05) ). Conclusions H7N9 bird flu can infect people of all ages, and the disease duration in the lower age group is short with mild symptoms. Avian exposure is a risk factor for infection. Live poultry market can control the epidemic evidently by taking a breakout measure.