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为了探讨红莲型不育细胞质应用于杂交粳稻育种的可能性,利用包台(BT)型、红莲(HL)型、茶野(CL)型、野败(WA)型等4种细胞质的同核异质不育系六千辛A与181个粳稻亲本测交,根据测交F1的小穗育性,筛选HL型粳稻恢复系。在此基础上,对筛选出的HL型粳稻恢复系与更多HL型不育系复测,并进行不同细胞质杂交粳稻的比对试验。研究结果表明:1)HL型和CL型不育系的恢、保关系十分一致,测交F1小穗育性间的相关性达极显著水平。2)HL型和CL型粳稻不育系的可恢性虽不如BT型不育系,但明显优于WA型粳稻不育系;以测交F1小穗育性达到85%以上作为选择标准,从BT型恢复系和广亲和恢复系中筛选出25个HL型(CL型)粳稻恢复系。3)不育系的核背景对杂种育性有影响,HL型六千辛A可恢性最好,其次为HL型陵香A,HL型珍5A可恢性最差。4)与BT型不育系配制的杂种相比,HL型和CL型不育系配制的杂种育性稳定性相对较差。5)HL型不育系配制的杂种与BT型、WA型不育系配制的杂种在播种至抽穗历期、株高、产量及品质性状上均无明显差异;HL型不育系配制的杂交粳稻结实率正常,与BT型不育系配制的杂种无明显差异,明显高于WA型不育系配制的杂种。说明HL型不育细胞质应用于杂交粳稻育种是可行的。
In order to investigate the possibility of applying Cymbidium sinense cytoplasm to the breeding of japonica hybrid rice, four cytoplasm types, BT type, HL type, CL type and WA type, The homonuclear allogeneic sterile line Liuqianxin A and 181 japonica parents were crossed. According to the spikelet fertility of F1, the HL type japonica restorer line was screened. On the basis of this, we retested the HL type japonica restorer line and more HL type CMS line, and compared the cytoplasmic japonica rice with different cytoplasm. The results showed that: 1) The relationship between the maintainer and maintainer of HL-type and CL-type CMS was consistent, and the correlation between F1 spikelet fertility of F1 was significant. 2) Although the recoverability of HL-type and CL-type CMS lines was not as good as that of BT-type CMS lines, they were significantly better than that of WA-type japonica CMS lines. The selection of F1 spikelet fertility was over 85% Thirty-five HL type (CL type) japonica restorer lines were screened from the BT type restorer line and the wide compatibility restorer line. 3) The nuclear background of sterile lines had an impact on the hybrid fertility. HL-6000 was the best, followed by HL-Ling A, HL-5A was the worst. 4) Compared with hybrids of BT type CMS, hybrid sterility of HL type and CL type CMS is relatively poor. 5) There was no significant difference between hybrids of HL type CMS and hybrids of BT type and WA type CMS in sowing to heading date, plant height, yield and quality traits; hybrids of HL type CMS The seed set rate of japonica rice was normal, which was not significantly different from that of BT type sterile hybrids, which was significantly higher than that of hybrids of WA type sterile lines. It is feasible that HL type sterile cytoplasm can be used for breeding japonica hybrid rice.