从14、15世纪地中海沿岸出现资本主义萌芽,到19世纪末20世纪初出现垄断资本主义,构成了资本主义产生、确立、发展和成型的基本历史。掌握、理解这一发展线索,对学好复杂的世界近代史是大有裨益的。本人在世界近代史的教学中,根据资本主义在不同时期的特征,概括为“重商主义”、“自由主义”、“垄断组织”三个阶段。实践 The emergence of capitalism from the 14th and 15th centuries along the Mediterranean coast and the emergence of monopoly capitalism from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century constitute the basic history of the birth, establishment, development and shaping of capitalism. Grasping and understanding this development clue is of great benefit to learning the complex modern world history. In the teaching of the modern history of the world, I summarized the three stages of “mercantilism”, “liberalism” and “monopoly organization” according to the characteristics of capitalism in different periods. practice