机读文件指的是只能由计算机写入和读出的文件。随着办公自动化的逐渐普及与提高,机读文件会日益增多,其地位会明显提高。但是,这种变化总是渐进的,不可能一夜之间变成机读文件世界,也不会出现绝对的无纸办公,全部成了无纸文件和无纸档案。尽管如此,既然目前已产生了机读文件,就必须认真研究机读文件的归档问题,而且这种研究要着重针对目前已经出现的情况和急需要解决的问题,而不是把主要精力去研究“未来世界”。 根据目前情况,机读文件大致上可以划分为两种类型:一是程序类,二是数据类。这两类机读文件性质不同,管理方法也不一样,需要分别研究。 一、程序类机读文件的归档。程序是指用计算机语言表达计算机所处理的一系列步骤。程序类机读文件是指载着程序的计算机盘片,把它按照不同用途来划分,又可以分为系统程序(也叫系统软件——下同)和应用程序(也叫应用软件——下同)两类。系 Machine-readable files refer to files that can only be written and read by a computer. With the gradual popularization and improvement of office automation, the number of machine readable documents will increase day by day, and its status will be significantly improved. However, this change has always been gradual. It is impossible to turn into a world of machine-readable documents overnight or an absolute paperless office. All of this has become a paperless document and a paperless document. However, now that machine-readable documents have been produced, the issue of archiving of machine-readable documents must be carefully studied. Moreover, such studies should focus on the issues that have arisen so far and urgently need to be resolved instead of concentrating on “ future world”. According to the current situation, machine-readable files can be roughly divided into two types: one is the program class, the second is the data class. The two types of MRTs have different nature and different management methods and need to be studied separately. First, the program type machine-readable file archiving. A program is a sequence of steps that computers process in computer language. Program machine-readable file refers to the program carrying the computer disk, it is divided according to different purposes, but also can be divided into system programs (also known as system software - the same below) and applications (also called application software Same) two types. system