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种质资源是水稻育种的重要基因来源。掌握育种材料遗传背景信息,可为发掘优异种质,选育优良性状新品种提供依据。以548份云南稻核心种质和云南主栽籼稻品种滇屯502(Oryza satica)、粳稻品种合系35(Oryza satica)配制的杂种F2(498份)为材料,采用群体遗传学的方法,研究云南稻核心种质杂种F2代的11个形态性状的综合变异系数、遗传多样性指数(Shannon指数)及其地理分布。结果表明:(1)F2存在明显的性状分化和遗传变异,以有效穗、穗颈长、穗下节长、每穗实粒数、秕粒数、总粒数和结实率的综合变异系数高,遗传多样性丰富;(2)滇西南(临沧、思茅、德宏、西双版纳)和滇东南(文山、红河)的材料在表型性状上存在更大的分化,综合变异系数高、遗传多样性丰富;保山、昭通、曲靖次之;怒江、丽江、迪庆、大理最低。
Germplasm resources are important gene sources for rice breeding. Grasping the genetic background information of breeding materials can provide basis for exploring excellent germplasm and selecting new breeds of fine traits. A total of 548 accession core samples from Yunnan and Oryza satica from Yunnan, and 498 accessions from F2 hybrid from Oryza satica were used as materials, The integrated coefficient of variation, Shannon index and its geographical distribution of 11 morphological traits in Yunnan F2 population from core collection. The results showed that: (1) F2 had obvious characters of differentiation and genetic variation. The effective coefficient of variation (VAR) of effective panicle, panicle neck length, panicle length, panicles per panicle, panicles per panicle, , And abundant genetic diversity. (2) The materials of southwestern Yunnan (Lincang, Simao, Dehong, Xishuangbanna) and southeastern Yunnan (Wenshan and Honghe) were more differentiated in phenotypic traits, with higher comprehensive coefficient of variation Sexually rich; Baoshan, Zhaotong, Qujing times; Nujiang, Lijiang, Diqing, Dali lowest.