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一､ say, speak, talk, tell
1. say 意为“说出”,着重说的内容,而 tell 意为“告诉”｡它们后面都可跟直接宾语,但 tell 后还能接间接宾语,而 say 后面则不能｡例如:
He says goodbye to his teacher after school every day. 他每天放学后都向老师说声再见｡
Please tell us a story. 请给我们讲个故事｡
2. speak 意为“说话,讲话”,着重开口发声,不着重说话的内容｡用作及物动词时,宾语只能是表示某种语言的名词｡“与某人谈话”用“speak to sb”或“speak with sb”表示｡例如:
The baby can’t speak. 这个婴儿不会说话｡
I speak English and he speaks Chinese. 我说英语,他说汉语｡
Tom is speaking to his teacher. 汤姆正跟他的老师谈话｡
3. talk 意为“说话”或“谈话”,与 speak 的意义比较接近,着重说话的动作,侧重彼此间的交流,不着重所说的话,常用作不及物动词,若要表示“和某人谈话”,后面常跟介词 to｡例如:
They often talk to each other. 他俩常常相互交谈｡
The baby is learning to talk. 这个婴儿正在学说话｡
May I talk to him? 我可以跟他谈谈吗?
比较: May I speak to him? 我可以跟他讲几句话吗?(电话用语)
二､ other, the other, others, the others, another
other 以及与其相关的 the other, others, the others, another 在初中英语教材中多次出现,它们的用法以及相互之间的区别常常让同学们感到困惑｡现在我们就来看看究竟怎样把它们区分开来｡
1. other 作形容词用时,意为“别的”或“其他的”,泛指“其他的(人或物)”｡例如:
Do you have any other question(s)? 你还有其他问题吗?
Ask some other people. 问问别人吧!
Put it in your other hand. 把它放在你的另一只手里｡
2. 指两个人或物中的另一个时,只能用 the other,不能用 another,此时的 other 用作代词｡例如:
He has two daughters. One is a nurse, and the other is a worker. 他有两个女儿,一个是护士,另一个是工人｡
the other 后面可跟可数名词单数,也可跟可数名词复数,这时, other 是形容词｡例如:
On the other side of the street, there is a tall tree. 街道的另一边有一棵高大的树｡
Mary is much taller than the other girls. 玛丽比其他的女孩高得多｡
He lives on the other side of the river. 他住在河的对岸｡
3. others 是 other 的复数形式,泛指“另外几个”｡在句中可用作主语或宾语｡例如:
Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. 我们中的一些人喜欢唱歌和跳舞,另外一些人喜欢体育活动｡
Give me some others, please. 请给我一些别的东西｡
There are no others. 没有别的了｡
4. the others 意为“其他东西”或“其余的人”,特指某一范围内的“其他的人或物”,它是 the other 的复数形式｡例如:
Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 两个男孩将去动物园,其余的留在家里｡
5. another 既可用作形容词,也可用作代词,只能用于三个或更多的人或物｡泛指同类时,指“另一个”或“又一个”｡例如:
I don’t like this one. Please show me another. 我不喜欢这一个,请再给我看一个｡
I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker. 我有三个女儿｡一个是护士,另一个是教师,还有一个是工人｡
He’s got another “A” in his examination. 他考试又得了个“A”｡
[链接中考]
Ⅰ. 用say, speak, tell, talk的适当形式填空｡
1. What language do you______ ?
2. The teacher______that he is a good boy.
3. The teacher is______at the meeting.
4. He______me not to do foolish things.
5. There is a girl outside who wants to______to you.
6. Tom______good English.
7. Look! They are______about the film.
8. Please______him to be careful.
9. Can you______it in English?
10. Mr Green will______us something about internet.
Ⅱ. 用another, other, others, the other, the others填空｡
1. I don’t like this pen. Can you show me______one?
2. I have two brothers. One is a teacher and______is a doctor.
3. Please eat______pear.
4. He has five good friends. One is American.______friends are English.
5. What’s that in your______hand?
6. Some are watching TV,______are listening to the radio.
7. The clothes shop is on______side of the street.
8. Show me______pair of socks, please?
9. She is taller than any______girl in the class.
10. These two apples are big, but______are very small.
Key: Ⅰ. 1. speak2. says3. speaking4. told5. talk6. speaks
7. talking8. tell9. say10. tell
Ⅱ. 1. another2. the other3. another4. The other5. other
6. others7. the other8. another9. other 10. the others
1. say 意为“说出”,着重说的内容,而 tell 意为“告诉”｡它们后面都可跟直接宾语,但 tell 后还能接间接宾语,而 say 后面则不能｡例如:
He says goodbye to his teacher after school every day. 他每天放学后都向老师说声再见｡
Please tell us a story. 请给我们讲个故事｡
2. speak 意为“说话,讲话”,着重开口发声,不着重说话的内容｡用作及物动词时,宾语只能是表示某种语言的名词｡“与某人谈话”用“speak to sb”或“speak with sb”表示｡例如:
The baby can’t speak. 这个婴儿不会说话｡
I speak English and he speaks Chinese. 我说英语,他说汉语｡
Tom is speaking to his teacher. 汤姆正跟他的老师谈话｡
3. talk 意为“说话”或“谈话”,与 speak 的意义比较接近,着重说话的动作,侧重彼此间的交流,不着重所说的话,常用作不及物动词,若要表示“和某人谈话”,后面常跟介词 to｡例如:
They often talk to each other. 他俩常常相互交谈｡
The baby is learning to talk. 这个婴儿正在学说话｡
May I talk to him? 我可以跟他谈谈吗?
比较: May I speak to him? 我可以跟他讲几句话吗?(电话用语)
二､ other, the other, others, the others, another
other 以及与其相关的 the other, others, the others, another 在初中英语教材中多次出现,它们的用法以及相互之间的区别常常让同学们感到困惑｡现在我们就来看看究竟怎样把它们区分开来｡
1. other 作形容词用时,意为“别的”或“其他的”,泛指“其他的(人或物)”｡例如:
Do you have any other question(s)? 你还有其他问题吗?
Ask some other people. 问问别人吧!
Put it in your other hand. 把它放在你的另一只手里｡
2. 指两个人或物中的另一个时,只能用 the other,不能用 another,此时的 other 用作代词｡例如:
He has two daughters. One is a nurse, and the other is a worker. 他有两个女儿,一个是护士,另一个是工人｡
the other 后面可跟可数名词单数,也可跟可数名词复数,这时, other 是形容词｡例如:
On the other side of the street, there is a tall tree. 街道的另一边有一棵高大的树｡
Mary is much taller than the other girls. 玛丽比其他的女孩高得多｡
He lives on the other side of the river. 他住在河的对岸｡
3. others 是 other 的复数形式,泛指“另外几个”｡在句中可用作主语或宾语｡例如:
Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. 我们中的一些人喜欢唱歌和跳舞,另外一些人喜欢体育活动｡
Give me some others, please. 请给我一些别的东西｡
There are no others. 没有别的了｡
4. the others 意为“其他东西”或“其余的人”,特指某一范围内的“其他的人或物”,它是 the other 的复数形式｡例如:
Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 两个男孩将去动物园,其余的留在家里｡
5. another 既可用作形容词,也可用作代词,只能用于三个或更多的人或物｡泛指同类时,指“另一个”或“又一个”｡例如:
I don’t like this one. Please show me another. 我不喜欢这一个,请再给我看一个｡
I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker. 我有三个女儿｡一个是护士,另一个是教师,还有一个是工人｡
He’s got another “A” in his examination. 他考试又得了个“A”｡
[链接中考]
Ⅰ. 用say, speak, tell, talk的适当形式填空｡
1. What language do you______ ?
2. The teacher______that he is a good boy.
3. The teacher is______at the meeting.
4. He______me not to do foolish things.
5. There is a girl outside who wants to______to you.
6. Tom______good English.
7. Look! They are______about the film.
8. Please______him to be careful.
9. Can you______it in English?
10. Mr Green will______us something about internet.
Ⅱ. 用another, other, others, the other, the others填空｡
1. I don’t like this pen. Can you show me______one?
2. I have two brothers. One is a teacher and______is a doctor.
3. Please eat______pear.
4. He has five good friends. One is American.______friends are English.
5. What’s that in your______hand?
6. Some are watching TV,______are listening to the radio.
7. The clothes shop is on______side of the street.
8. Show me______pair of socks, please?
9. She is taller than any______girl in the class.
10. These two apples are big, but______are very small.
Key: Ⅰ. 1. speak2. says3. speaking4. told5. talk6. speaks
7. talking8. tell9. say10. tell
Ⅱ. 1. another2. the other3. another4. The other5. other
6. others7. the other8. another9. other 10. the others