“股市有风险，入市需谨慎!”、“本 版股市分析文章，纯属个人观点，股民 据此入市，风险自担。”——在证券类媒 体的纸尾报端和证券营业部的厅堂店 口，有关股市风险的告诫随处可见。 然而，风险和收益是相对应的，风 险的承担是投资获利的前提，所谓投 资，在某种程度上就是风险管理的同义 语。因此，在明确了“股市有风险”之 后，投资者们更为需要的是对投资风险 更为系统和具体的揭示，包括风险存在 于何处、大小怎样、如何规避等等。 在投资者面临的诸多风险中，信用 风险是最为基本和普遍的：在中国的证 券市场上，红光实业包装上市，蓝田股 份假账黑幕、郑百文欺瞒造假……上市 公司缺乏诚信的例子不胜枚举；虚增利 润、隐瞒亏损、虚假包装……作假手法 层出不穷。 上市公司的不诚信行为给投资者带 “The stock market risks, the market need to be cautious!”, “This version of the stock market analysis article, purely personal point of view, the stock market thus entered the market, at your own risk.” - In the end of the newspaper and securities securities business department store hall Mouth, the warnings about the risk of the stock market can be seen everywhere. However, the risks and benefits are corresponding, and the assumption of risk is the prerequisite for profit-making. The so-called investment is to some extent synonymous with risk management. Therefore, after it is clear that “the stock market is risky”, what investors need more is the more systematic and specific disclosure of the investment risk, including the existence of the risk, the size, how to avoid it and so on. Among the many risks that investors face, credit risk is the most basic and common: in China’s securities market, Hongguang Industrial Packing & Lantian shares fake accounting shames, Zhengbaiwen falsified fake ... Examples of the lack of integrity of listed companies Cite; inflated profits, conceal losses, fake packaging ...... endless trickery. Not good faith behavior of listed companies to investors