For the first time, considering the effect of reaction layers, numerical simulation calculation of residual stress on brazed TiC cermets/steel joint was studied by finite element method (FEM). The calculation results show that, when the joint is brazed at 1123 K for 300 s (low brazing parameters), the maximum shear stress value occurs on (Cu, Ni) layer near TiC cermets, which is 92.16 MPa as the temperature is 300 K. When the joint is brazed at 1273 K for 900 s (high brazing parameters), the maximum shear stress value occurs on (Cu, Ni)+(Fe, Ni) layer, which is 39.18 MPa as the temperature is 300 K. The fracture sites of the joints obtained from numerical simulation calculation accord with experimental results. For the first time, considering the effect of reaction layers, numerical simulation calculation of residual stress on brazed TiC cermets / steel joint was studied by finite element method (FEM). The calculation results show that, when the joint is brazed at 1123 K for 300 s (low brazing parameters), the maximum shear stress value occurs on (Cu, Ni) layer near TiC cermets, which is 92.16 MPa as the temperature is 300 K. When the joint is brazed at 1273 K for 900 s (high brazing the maximum shear stress value occurs on (Cu, Ni) + (Fe, Ni) layer, which is 39.18 MPa as the temperature is 300 K. The fracture sites of the joints obtained from numerical simulation calculation accord with experimental results.