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在我国,畜禽养殖形成的污染废弃物总量已经超过了工业固体废弃物,未经净化处理的污染物最终通过地表径流进入江河湖海,导致氮、磷超标,加剧了富营养化。三峡库区又特别是重庆市库区县畜禽养殖的环境管理和污染治理十分薄弱,据资料显示,2003年重庆市畜禽粪便量达7500万t,未经处理的畜禽粪便将严重污染库区水质。本文从库区实际出发,结合国际国内先进的粪便处理技术,提出了针对性的解决措施:将畜禽粪便无害化、资源化利用,这不仅能防止和消除养殖畜禽粪便的污染,实现农业的可持续发展,而且有利于提高我国动物源性食品的品质和在国际市场上的竞争力。
In China, the total amount of polluting waste formed by livestock and poultry far exceeds the amount of industrial solid waste. Uncontaminated pollutants eventually enter the rivers, lakes and seas through surface runoff, resulting in excessive nitrogen and phosphorus, aggravating the eutrophication. According to the data, in 2003, the amount of livestock and poultry manure in Chongqing reached 75 million tons, and untreated livestock and poultry manure would seriously pollute Reservoir water quality. Based on the actual situation in the reservoir area and combined with the advanced international and domestic excrement disposal technologies, this article puts forward the specific measures to solve the problem: detoxification of animal manure and utilization of resources, which not only can prevent and eliminate the pollution of livestock manure, Agricultural sustainable development, but also help to improve the quality of animal-derived foods in China and its competitiveness in the international market.