李鸿章是一个有争议的历史人物,“仁者见仁,智者见智”。梁启超在《李鸿章传》中说:“吾敬李鸿章之才,吾惜李鸿章之识,吾悲李鸿章之遇。”19世纪60年代,面对内忧外患的问题,掀起了一场洋务运动,中国开始了大规模近代化的过程。尽管今天我们指责洋务派“认识肤浅,主张‘中学为体,西学为用’”只学习西方的科学技术,不变革政治制度和经济制度。但是从当时的情况来看,已经是惊天动地了。到19世纪80-90年代,人们还耻谈洋务。李鸿章成为洋务派的代表人物,遭到反对是自 Li Hongzhang is a controversial historical figure. “Benevolence is seen by the benevolent and the wise sees wisdom.” Liang Qichao said in the biography of Li Hongzhang: “I respect Li Hongzhang’s talent, I pity Li Hongzhang’s knowledge, and I’m sad about Li Hongzhang’s case.” In the 1960s, in response to internal and external problems, a Westernization movement began and China began. The process of large-scale modernization. Although today we accuse the Westernization School of "recognizing superficiality and advocating ‘youth as middle school and western learning for the purpose’’ only to learn Western science and technology, and not to change the political system and the economic system. However, from the situation at that time, it was already shocking. By the 1980s and 1990s, people were also ashamed to talk about the Westernization. Li Hongzhang became representative of the Westernization School and was opposed