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目的分析2006~2013年大连市部分企业职业病危害因素中有机溶剂的检测情况。方法收集2006~2013年大连市地区委托大连市疾病预防控制中心职业病危害因素日常检测中涉及有机溶剂检测的企业资料,对检测的合格率进行统计学分析,比较不同经济类型企业及不同种类的职业病危害因素的检测情况。结果 2006~2013年累计检测有机溶剂点数3 369点,检测点的平均合格率为96.41%(P<0.01);不同经济类型的企业比较,外商独资和中外合资共计294家,检测点数2 828点,分别占检测总企业数的71.36%和总点数的83.94%,其中外商独资最低,平均合格率为94.71%;不同种类有机溶剂的比较中,苯、甲苯、二甲苯、甲醇、丙酮、液化石油气、溶剂汽油、甲醛是检测点数较多的有机溶剂,其中苯、甲苯、二甲苯检测点数最多,共1 752点,占检测总数的52.00%,在8种检测点数较多的有机溶剂中,除液化石油气和溶剂汽油的合格率较高(均为100%)外,苯的合格率最高(98.68%),甲醇的合格率最低(72.50%)(P<0.01)。结论企业应加强改进原辅材料,改善局部通风;有关部门应加强对涉外企业中外商独资企业的监督监管,预防有机溶剂中毒,真正将保护劳动者健康落实到实处。
Objective To analyze the detection of organic solvents in occupational hazards of some enterprises in Dalian from 2006 to 2013. Methods The data of organic solvents involved in the routine testing of occupational hazards commissioned by Dalian Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Dalian area from 2006 to 2013 were collected and statistically analyzed for the qualified rate of detection. The data of different economic types of enterprises and different kinds of occupational diseases Detection of hazardous factors. Results A total of 3 369 organic solvent points were detected in 2006 ~ 2013, with an average passing rate of 96.41% (P <0.01). For enterprises with different economic types, the total number of wholly foreign-owned and Sino-foreign joint ventures was 294 with a total of 2,828 points Accounting for 71.36% and 83.94% of the total number of enterprises respectively, of which foreign-owned sole proprietorship was the lowest, with an average passing rate of 94.71%. Among the different types of organic solvents, benzene, toluene, xylene, methanol, acetone, liquefied petroleum Gas, solvent gasoline and formaldehyde are the organic solvents with more detection points. Among them, benzene, toluene and xylene have the largest number of detection points (1 752 points, accounting for 52.00% of the total number of detection points). Among the 8 kinds of organic solvents with more detection points, The pass rate of benzene was the highest (98.68%) and the pass rate of methanol was the lowest (72.50%) (P <0.01), except LPG and solvent gasoline had higher pass rates (both 100%). Conclusion Enterprises should strengthen the improvement of raw and auxiliary materials and improve local ventilation. Relevant departments should strengthen the supervision and supervision over wholly foreign-owned enterprises in foreign-related enterprises and prevent the poisoning of organic solvents, so as to truly protect the health of workers.