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目的：开展非血缘关系供者外周血造血干细胞移植（ＰＢＳＣＴ）对血液恶性肿瘤进行根治性治疗，并观察其长期造血重建和移植物抗宿主病（ＧＶＨＤ）及一些移植并发症。方法：选择ＨＬＡ相配非血缘关系的２６岁男性健康供者的外周血干细胞移植给１例急性粒细胞白血病第１次复发缓解后的１１岁男性患儿。预处理方案为分次全身６０Ｃｏ照射（８Ｇｙ）加环磷酰胺（１２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）和足叶乙甙（３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）。移植物抗宿主病预防用环孢霉素Ａ（ＣｓＡ）联合氨甲喋呤（ＭＴＸ）。移植单个核细胞为８．３×１０８／ｋｇ，ＣＤ３４＋细胞为１．０７９×１０８／ｋｇ，ＣＦＵ－ＧＭ为１．０９×１０６／ｋｇ。结果：＋１０天中性粒细胞达１．３０×１０９／Ｌ，＋１８天骨髓显示造血重建，＋２３天ＤＮＡＤ１Ｓ８０显示移植物植入成功，＋１２０天受者血型由ＡＢ型转为供者血型Ａ型。＋１１天出现Ⅰ度急性ＧＶＨＤ，＋１４３天出现慢性ＧＶＨＤ，分别用甲基泼尼龙和泼尼松控制。随访３００余天，患者情况正常。结论：非血缘ＰＢＳＣＴ可以维持长期造血
OBJECTIVE: To perform peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) for non-marginal donors for radical treatment of hematological malignancies, and to observe their long-term hematopoietic reconstitution and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and some transplant complications. METHODS: Peripheral blood stem cells of 26-year-old male healthy donors with HLA-matched non-mycoplasma were selected and transplanted to an 11-year-old male patient with acute myeloid leukemia relapsed after the first relapse. The pretreatment regimen was fractional whole-body 60Co irradiation (8 Gy) plus cyclophosphamide (120 mg/kg) and etoposide (30 mg/kg). Prevention of graft-versus-host disease using cyclosporin A (CsA) combined with methotrexate (MTX). The number of transplanted mononuclear cells was 8.3×108/kg, CD34+ cells was 1.079×108/kg, and CFU-GM was 1.09×106/kg. Results: +10 days neutrophils reached 1.30 × 109/L, +18 days bone marrow showed hematopoietic reconstitution, +23 days DNAD1S80 showed successful implantation, and +120 days the recipient blood type changed from AB type to donor type A type. Acute GVHD at grade I appeared on +11 days and chronic GVHD on +143 days, controlled by methylprednisolone and prednisone, respectively. After more than 300 days of follow-up, the patient was in normal condition. Conclusion: Non-blood PBSCT can maintain long-term hematopoiesis