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旅游道路是影响旅游目的地节能减排与可持续发展的关键因素之一。选择武陵源风景名胜区作为案例区,运用生命周期理论与物质流理论,构建旅游道路间接能耗与碳排放测度模型,运用自下而上法测度与分析1979~2010年武陵源风景名胜区的旅游道路间接能耗与碳排放。结果表明:(1)我国不同等级公路的每功能单位年均间接能耗与碳排放量呈现明显等级差异,高速公路八车道最高(5751.04 GJ与693 t),五级公路最低(38.34 GJ与4.62 t)。(2)武陵源旅游道路在1979~1989年间旅游道路间接消耗各类能源与排放的二氧化碳的年均增长率最高,分别均高于18.5%与18.63%,此后逐年下降,2005~2010年间呈现负增长率。(3)1979年武陵源风景名胜区旅游道路的年均间接能耗与年均间接碳排放分别为5827.70 GJ与702.24 t,2010年分别为68 414.46 GJ与8243.90 t。
Traveling roads are one of the key factors that affect the energy conservation, emission reduction and sustainable development of tourist destinations. Wulingyuan Scenic Spot is chosen as a case area. By using life cycle theory and material flow theory, an indirect measure of energy consumption and carbon emission of tourist roads is constructed, and the indirect energy of tourism roads in Wulingyuan Scenic Area is measured and analyzed from 1979 to 2010 Consumption and carbon emissions. The results show that: (1) There is a significant difference in average annual energy consumption and carbon emissions per unit of function of different types of highways in China. The expressway has the highest eight lanes (5751.04 GJ and 693 t) and the fifth grade lanes (38.34 GJ and 4.62 t). (2) The annual average growth rate of Wulingyuan tourism road between 1979 and 1989 which indirectly consumed all kinds of energy and emissions of tourism roads was the highest, which were higher than 18.5% and 18.63% respectively, and then declined year by year, with a negative growth rate from 2005 to 2010 . (3) The annual average indirect energy consumption and annual average indirect carbon emissions of the tourist roads in Wulingyuan Scenic Area in 1979 were 5827.70 GJ and 702.24 t, respectively, and in 2010 they were respectively 68 414.46 GJ and 8243.90 t.