上面种种说法基本上是一致的,都认为“儒”是“伎艺”在身的“术士”。至于“术士”之“术”为何,后人有种种猜想：有的说是求雨之师,有的说是吹吹打打办婚丧喜事的人,还有的说是掌握“六艺”的人。这在《论语》中也可以找到佐证。在该书中,不少场合也将“道”释成伎艺。《子张》：“子夏曰：‘虽小道．必有可观者焉。致远恐泥,是以君子不为也。’”这里的“道”,也是指伎艺。子夏的意思是：虽然学习小技艺,也可以取得可观的成就,但是,要想做远大的事业,就不行了,因此君子不这样做。这段话与孔子对于夏说的“女为君子儒,无为小人儒”的意思是完全一致的。所谓“小人儒”者,即拘泥于“小道”者；所谓“君子儒”者,即“致远”者。这样一分析,就比较清楚了。一、孔子之前的“师”与“儒”是两股道上 All the above arguments are basically the same, and all believe that “Confucianism” is the “warlock” of the “craftsmanship”. As for the “craft” of the “warlock”, the descendants have all sorts of conjectures: Some say that they are seeking rain, some say that they are playing a wedding and funeral, and others are people who master the “six arts”. This can also be found in the Analects. In the book, many occasions have also translated “Tao” into art. “Zi Zhang”: “Zi Xia Xia: ’Although the trails, there must be a lot of people who are obnoxious. The fear of mud in the future is based on the gentleman’s inability to do it.’” The “way” here refers to the art of chanting. Zi Xia means: Although you can learn a small skill, you can also achieve considerable achievements. However, if you want to do a great career, you will not be able to do so, so the gentleman does not do so. This passage is exactly the same as what Confucius said to Xia about “a woman who is a gentleman and a non-little man.” The so-called “little Confucians” are those who are particular about “little trails”; the so-called “gentlemen’s Confucian” are those who “reach far.” Such an analysis is more clear. First, the “master” and “rufu” before Confucius are on two tracks