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飞机的结冰表面出现微小的凹凸不平,即形成所谓的粗糙度,对飞机气动性能产生一定的影响。在考虑表面粗糙度时,针对对流换热系数的计算建立了热力学模型,同时对只有单个粗糙微元的表面进行了流场计算和表面对流换热效果分析;然后利用边界层积分方法,对某一翼型光滑表面和不同程度的粗糙表面分别进行了流场计算、对流换热系数计算以及结冰冰形的模拟仿真。结果表明:结冰表面粗糙度很大程度增强了表面的对流换热效果,导致在翼型前缘位置结冰厚度更大、冰角突出更为明显并且距离驻点区域更近。
The icing surface of the airplane is slightly rugged, that is, the so-called roughness is formed, which affects the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft to a certain extent. Considering the surface roughness, a thermodynamic model was established for the calculation of the convective heat transfer coefficient. Meanwhile, the flow field and surface convective heat transfer effect of only a single coarse micro-element surface were analyzed. Then, using the boundary layer integral method, One-wing smooth surface and different degree of rough surface were calculated flow field, convection heat transfer coefficient and icing ice simulation. The results show that the icing surface roughness greatly enhances the convective heat transfer effect on the surface, resulting in a greater ice thickness at the leading edge of the airfoil, more pronounced ice angle and closer to the stagnant area.