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苏联对日宣战后俘获了数十万日本战俘,并将其中大部分人送往苏联各地进行劳动利用。1946年底苏联开始遣返日本战俘,到1950年4月22日,除少量被判刑战犯外,绝大多数战俘被遣送回国。在此期间,苏联对日本战俘进行了系统的劳动利用,组建了专门的战俘营及劳动大队,建立了相对完善的劳动管理制度。日本战俘分布在苏各个地区及各个行业从事劳动,为战后苏联国民经济恢复和五年计划的实施做出了贡献。
After the Soviets declared war on Japan, they captured hundreds of thousands of Japanese prisoners of war and sent most of them to labor in the Soviet Union. At the end of 1946, the Soviet Union began repatriation of Japanese prisoners of war. By April 22, 1950, with the exception of a small number of sentencing prisoners, the vast majority of prisoners of war were sent back to China. During this period, the Soviet Union systematically employed the Japanese prisoners of war, set up special POW camps and labor units, and established a relatively sound labor administration system. The Japanese prisoners of war distributed throughout all areas of the Soviet Union and various industries engaged in labor and contributed to the post-war Soviet national economy recovery and the implementation of the five-year plan.