一是超高福利与政治体制的矛盾。二战以来,西方普遍实行超高福利政策,养成超高福利习惯,形成超高福利文化,并且胃口越吊越高。为了选举的需要,各参选党派不得不竞相承诺提高福利的价码。“超高福利文化”的“无限性”与民主政治体制趋向的“极端性”形成了尖锐矛盾,并由此产生出第二个矛盾,即兑现竞选承诺与财政能力的矛盾。为了兑现竞选承诺,就得提高财力;为了提高财力,就得增加税收。但是西方逐渐的人口老龄化、劳动力成本上升,造成了产业 First, the contradiction between ultra-high welfare and political system. Since the Second World War, the West has generally adopted ultra-high welfare policies, developed ultra-high welfare habits, formed a super-high welfare culture, and hung up higher and higher. In order to meet the needs of the election, each participating party has to compete for the price tag promised to increase welfare. “Infinity ” of “Super-high Welfare Culture ” forms sharp contradictions with the “extreme ” of the democratic political system and leads to the second contradiction, that is, fulfilling the promise of election and financial ability contradiction. In order to honor the election promises, you have to increase financial resources; in order to improve financial resources, you have to increase taxes. However, the gradual aging of the population in the West and rising labor costs have created industries