本文在分析总结西安地裂缝基本特征的基础上，采用二维有限元法，对西安地裂缝进行了数值模拟。结果给出，西安地裂缝从空间分布上虽受地形地貌和断裂构造局部地段的准静态控制，但其形成发展和剧烈活动与西安市区强采地下水而引起的地面不均匀沉降直接有关。故可认为，西安市区只有通过对地下承压水的合理均衡开采，控制西安市区地面的不均匀沉降，才是减缓或基本制止西安地裂缝活动的根本对策 Based on the analysis of the basic characteristics of ground fissures in Xi’an, this paper uses two-dimensional finite element method to simulate ground fissures in Xi’an. The results show that though the spatial distribution of ground fissures in Xi’an is controlled by the quasi-static statics of local topography and fault structures, the formation and development of severe fissures in Xi’an are directly related to the uneven ground settlement caused by the exploitation of groundwater in Xi’an. Therefore, it can be considered that the fundamental countermeasures to slow down or basically stop the ground fissure in Xi’an can only be achieved by controlling the uneven settlement of the ground in the urban area of ​​Xi’an through rational and balanced exploitation of underground confined water