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介绍了石墨材料的制造工艺和缺陷类型,并结合液体火箭发动机端面密封的工作特性,阐明了端面密封用石墨材料内部缺陷检测的必要性。对目前通用的无损检测方法进行了对比分析,确定了适用于液体火箭发动机端面密封用石墨材料内部缺陷的X射线检测方法,并对X射线检测过程中图像灰度、对比度、电压、电流、滤片及积分时间等关键工艺参数的影响因素进行了对比分析,确定了石墨材料内部缺陷检测的工艺参数设置准则及高精度检测方法,实现了石墨材料内部孔隙的可视化仿真分析,并提出了一种基于图像处理的石墨材料气孔率统计计算方法,最终建立了液体火箭发动机端面密封用石墨材料内部典型缺陷的特征标样。
The manufacturing process and defect types of graphite materials are introduced. Combined with the working characteristics of the liquid rocket motor end seals, the necessity of testing the internal defects of the graphite materials for end seals is expounded. The current common nondestructive testing methods are compared and analyzed, and the X - ray detection methods applicable to the internal defects of graphite materials used for liquid rocket motor end face seal are determined. The X - ray images of grayscale, contrast, voltage, current, And integral time and other key process parameters were analyzed comparatively to determine the graphite material internal defects detection process parameters setting criteria and high-precision detection methods to achieve the visual simulation of graphite materials, the internal porosity of the simulation and proposed a Based on the statistical calculation of the porosity of the graphite material based on image processing, the characteristic standard samples of the typical defects in the graphite material for liquid rocket engine end seal are finally established.