本文报道1974～1983年上海市区十二所医院围产儿死亡率13.1‰,其中死胎5.5‰,死产1‰,新生儿死亡6.0‰。并分析了围产儿死亡与产母年龄、产次、孕周、出生体重及分娩方式的关系。根据病理解剖结果或临床诊断的死亡原因依次为缺氧、畸形、早产。从流行病学观点计算围产儿死亡与母婴合并症的归因危险度,提示围产保健工作重点依次为早产、畸形、窒息及颅内出血等;并提出若干降低围产儿死亡率措施。 This article reports the perinatal mortality rate of 13 hospitals in Shanghai’s Shanghai area from 1974 to 1983 at 13.1 ‰, of which 5.5 ‰ were stillbirths, 1 ‰ for stillbirths and 6.0 ‰ for newborn babies. The relationship between perinatal death and motherhood, parity, gestational age, birth weight and mode of delivery was analyzed. According to pathological anatomy or clinical diagnosis of the causes of death followed by hypoxia, deformity, premature birth. From the perspective of epidemiology, we calculated the risk of attribution of perinatal mortality and maternal-fetal comorbidity, suggesting that the focus of perinatal care work was premature birth, deformity, asphyxia and intracranial hemorrhage. Several measures to reduce perinatal mortality were also proposed.